write a note on history of metals. explain.
Answers
Explanation:
The history of refined metals is thought to begin with the use of copper about 11,000 years ago. Gold, silver, iron (as meteoric iron), lead, and brass were likewise in use before the first known appearance of bronze in the 5th millennium BCE.
People first began making things from metal over 9000 years ago, when they discovered how to get copper from its []ore. They then learned how to make a harder alloy, bronze, by adding tin to the copper. About 3000 years ago, they discovered iron.
The popularity of gold is largely due to its scarcity, value and mankind's fascination with the metal. (2) Copper, (ca) 4200BC - The use of copper in antiquity is of more significance than gold as the first tools, implements and weapons were made from copper.
ᴀ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ (ғʀᴏᴍ ɢʀᴇᴇᴋ μέταλλον ᴍéᴛᴀʟʟᴏɴ, "ᴍɪɴᴇ, ǫᴜᴀʀʀʏ, ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ") ɪs ᴀ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟ ᴛʜᴀᴛ, ᴡʜᴇɴ ғʀᴇsʜʟʏ ᴘʀᴇᴘᴀʀᴇᴅ, ᴘᴏʟɪsʜᴇᴅ, ᴏʀ ғʀᴀᴄᴛᴜʀᴇᴅ, sʜᴏᴡs ᴀ ʟᴜsᴛʀᴏᴜs ᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀᴀɴᴄᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏɴᴅᴜᴄᴛs ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀɪᴄɪᴛʏ ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇᴀᴛ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴠᴇʟʏ ᴡᴇʟʟ. ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟs ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʏᴘɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴍᴀʟʟᴇᴀʙʟᴇ (ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ʜᴀᴍᴍᴇʀᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴛʜɪɴ sʜᴇᴇᴛs) ᴏʀ ᴅᴜᴄᴛɪʟᴇ (ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴅʀᴀᴡɴ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴡɪʀᴇs). ᴀ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ᴍᴀʏ ʙᴇ ᴀ ᴄʜᴇᴍɪᴄᴀʟ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ɪʀᴏɴ; ᴀɴ ᴀʟʟᴏʏ sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs sᴛᴀɪɴʟᴇss sᴛᴇᴇʟ; ᴏʀ ᴀ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴀʀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏᴜɴᴅ sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ᴘᴏʟʏᴍᴇʀɪᴄ sᴜʟғᴜʀ ɴɪᴛʀɪᴅᴇ.
ɪɴ ᴘʜʏsɪᴄs, ᴀ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ɪs ɢᴇɴᴇʀᴀʟʟʏ ʀᴇɢᴀʀᴅᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴀɴʏ sᴜʙsᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴄᴀᴘᴀʙʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴄᴏɴᴅᴜᴄᴛɪɴɢ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀɪᴄɪᴛʏ ᴀᴛ ᴀ ᴛᴇᴍᴘᴇʀᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴀʙsᴏʟᴜᴛᴇ ᴢᴇʀᴏ.[] ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏᴜɴᴅs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ɴᴏʀᴍᴀʟʟʏ ᴄʟᴀssɪғɪᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟs ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟʟɪᴄ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ʜɪɢʜ ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇs. ғᴏʀ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ, ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴏɴᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ɪᴏᴅɪɴᴇ ɢʀᴀᴅᴜᴀʟʟʏ ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇs ᴀ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ᴀᴛ ᴀ ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴏᴜsᴀɴᴅ ᴛɪᴍᴇs ᴀᴛᴍᴏsᴘʜᴇʀɪᴄ ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇ. ᴇǫᴜᴀʟʟʏ, sᴏᴍᴇ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟs ʀᴇɢᴀʀᴅᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟs ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇ ɴᴏɴᴍᴇᴛᴀʟs. sᴏᴅɪᴜᴍ, ғᴏʀ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ, ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇs ᴀ ɴᴏɴᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ᴀᴛ ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴊᴜsᴛ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴍɪʟʟɪᴏɴ ᴛɪᴍᴇs ᴀᴛᴍᴏsᴘʜᴇʀɪᴄ ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇ.
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