Question

Write a note on Lothal.
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Answer 1

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The city of Lothal stood beside a tributary of the Sabarmati, in Gujarat close to the Gulf of Khambat. Raw materials such as semi-precious stones were easily available. This was an important centre for making objects out of stone, sell and metal.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Lothal was one of the southernmost cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization,[1] located in the Bhāl region of the modern state of Gujarāt. Construction of the city began around 2200 BCE.[2] Discovered in 1954, Lothal was excavated from 13 February 1955 to 19 May 1960 by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), the official Indian government agency for the preservation of ancient monuments. According to the ASI, Lothal had the world's earliest known dock, which connected the city to an ancient course of the Sabarmati river on the trade route between Harappan cities in Sindh and the peninsula of Saurashtra when the surrounding Kutch desert of today was a part of the Arabian Sea. However, this interpretation has been challenged by other archaeologists, who argue that Lothal was a comparatively small town, and that the "dock" was actually an irrigation tank. The controversy was finally settled when scientists from The National Institute of Oceonography, Goa discovered foraminifera (marine microfossils) and salt, gypsum crystals in the rectangular structure clearly indicating that sea water once filled the structure.[4] Lothal was a vital and thriving trade centre in ancient times, with its trade of beads, gems and valuable ornaments reaching the far corners of West Asia and Africa. The techniques and tools they pioneered for bead-making and in metallurgy have stood the test of time for over 4000 years