write a note on noise pollution ( causes , effects,and measures to reduce noise pollution ) draw a neat , labelled diagram of human ear
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The word noise is derived from a Latin word ‘Nausea’ which means sickness in which one feels to vomit. Noise is the unpleasant and undesirable sound which leads to discomfort to human beings. The intensity of sound is measured in decibels (dB). The faintest sound which can be heard by the Human ear is 1 Db. Due to increasing noise around the civilizations; noise pollution has become a matter of concern. Some of its major causes are vehicles, aircraft, industrial machines, loudspeakers, crackers, etc. Some other appliances also contribute to noise pollution like television, transistor, radio, etc. when used at high volume.
Types of Noise Pollution
Following are the three types of pollution:
Transport Noise
Neighbourhood Noise
Industrial Noise
Transport Noise
It mainly consists of traffic noise which has increased in recent years with the increase in the number of vehicles. The increase in noise pollution leads to deafening of older people, headache, hypertension, etc.
Neighbourhood Noise
The noise from gadgets, household utensils etc. Some of the main sources are musical instruments, transistors, loudspeakers etc.
Industrial Noise
It is the high-intensity sound which is caused by heavy industrial machines. According to many researches, industrial noise pollution damages the hearing ability to around 20%.
Causes and Sources of Noise Pollution
Following are the causes and sources of noise pollution:
Industrialisation: Industrialisation has led to an increase in noise pollution as the use of heavy machinery such as generators, mills, huge exhaust fans are used, resulting in the production of unwanted noise.
Vehicles: Increased number of vehicles on the roads are the second reason for noise pollution.
Events: Weddings, public gatherings involve loudspeakers to play music resulting in the production of unwanted noise in the neighbourhood.
Construction sites: Mining, construction of buildings, etc add to the noise pollution.
Noise Pollution Examples
Following are the examples of noise pollution:
Unnecessary usage of horns
Using loudspeakers either for religious functions or for political purposes
Unnecessary usage of fireworks
Industrial noise
Construction noise
Noise from transportation such as railway and aircraft
Effects of Noise Pollution on Human Health
Noise pollution can be hazardous to human health in the following ways:
Hypertension: It is a direct result of noise pollution which is caused due to elevated blood levels for a longer duration.
Hearing loss: Constant exposure of human ears to loud noise that are beyond the range of sound that human ears can withstand damages the eardrums resulting in loss of hearing.
Sleeping disorders: Lack of sleep might result in fatigue and low energy level throughout day affecting everyday activities. Noise pollution hampers the sleep cycles leading to irritation and uncomfortable state of mind.
Cardiovascular issues: Heart-related problems such as blood pressure level, stress, and cardiovascular diseases might come up in a normal person and person suffering from any of these diseases might feel the sudden shoot up in the level.
Prevention of Noise Pollution
Some noise pollution preventive measures are provided in the points below.
Honking in public places like teaching institutes, hospital, etc. should be banned.
In commercial, hospital, and industrial buildings, adequate soundproof systems should be installed.
Musical instruments sound should be controlled to desirable limits.
Dense tree cover is useful in noise pollution prevention.
Explosives should be not used in forest, mountainous, and mining areas.
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