Write a note on the availability of water on earth.
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About 71% of earth’s surface is covered with water and rest 29% is covered with land. Out of total water on earth, 97% is in the form of saline water in oceans and seas and rest 3% is in the form of freshwater. Out of total freshwater on earth, 69% is in the form of ice (in icebergs and glaciers) and 30% is as underground water. Rest 1% water is used by humans for drinking of irrigation and economic activities. Total amount of potable water available in India is 1869 cubic meter, but only 1123 cubic meter water is utilized by us. Out of this amount, 690 cubic meter water is available as surface water, and 433 cubic meter is available as groundwater. A major portion of rainwater goes to oceans through rivers and is thus wasted. Proper management of this water is necessary to tackle the problems of drought and famine which happen because of irregular monsoon. It is also important in order to meet the need of an ever growing population.
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Answer:
Water is constantly moving on the Earth between the atmosphere, ocean , rivers , snow pack and ice sheets and underground . water availability both as surface water and ground water is essential for agriculture, human consumption , industry and energy generation.