write a note on the first Anglo Sikh war with its causes and consequences
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Anglo Sikh wars
First War ( 1845-46)
Causes: The main reasons behind the Fourth war were:
1) Anarchy in Punjab after the death of Ranjit Singh caused absence of any control over the army( Khalsa)
2) British policy of encirclement of Punjab from 1833 itself and their military preparations.
3) Confirmation of the suspicions of the Sikh army by the annexation of Sind by the British in 1843.
Sikh Army lost and the First Anglo Sikh war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lahore (march 1846). The results were:
Jullender Doab was ceded to the British and payment of indemnity was on the SikhA British resident was appointed at Lahore and Dalip Singh was recognised as the ruler of PunjabThe Sikh army was reduced and employment of any European without the consent of the British was prohibitedThe British were allowed to pass through the Sikh territory whenever needed.
Second War (1848-49)
Causes :
Desire of the Sikh army to avenge their humiliationDiscontentment of the Sikh Sardars with the British control over PunjabTreatment of Rani Jindan by the BritishRebellion of Sher Singh which led to the outbreak of general rebellion by the Sikh army and the Sardars
The Sikhs were defeated at the Battle of Gujarat in 1849. The results were:
Punjab was annexed by Lord Dalhousie and Dalip Singh was disposedA Three member Commission was established to administer PunjabA Chief Commissioner of Punjab was appointed.
First War ( 1845-46)
Causes: The main reasons behind the Fourth war were:
1) Anarchy in Punjab after the death of Ranjit Singh caused absence of any control over the army( Khalsa)
2) British policy of encirclement of Punjab from 1833 itself and their military preparations.
3) Confirmation of the suspicions of the Sikh army by the annexation of Sind by the British in 1843.
Sikh Army lost and the First Anglo Sikh war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lahore (march 1846). The results were:
Jullender Doab was ceded to the British and payment of indemnity was on the SikhA British resident was appointed at Lahore and Dalip Singh was recognised as the ruler of PunjabThe Sikh army was reduced and employment of any European without the consent of the British was prohibitedThe British were allowed to pass through the Sikh territory whenever needed.
Second War (1848-49)
Causes :
Desire of the Sikh army to avenge their humiliationDiscontentment of the Sikh Sardars with the British control over PunjabTreatment of Rani Jindan by the BritishRebellion of Sher Singh which led to the outbreak of general rebellion by the Sikh army and the Sardars
The Sikhs were defeated at the Battle of Gujarat in 1849. The results were:
Punjab was annexed by Lord Dalhousie and Dalip Singh was disposedA Three member Commission was established to administer PunjabA Chief Commissioner of Punjab was appointed.
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Answer:
1) After the death of Ranjit Singh,there was a lot of infighting amongst Sikhs.
2) The Sikhs built up a strong army against the British and Afghan aggressions.
3) British attacked the united forces of Punjab- Hindu,Muslim and Sikh,faced the huge British army bravely.
4) Prime minister lal Singh and commander tej singh turned traitors and the Punjab army was defeated.
5) they were forced to sign the treaty of Lahore.
The two provisions are:
1) the British occupied Jullandar Doab and
2) handed jammu and Kashmir to Raja Gulab Singh Dogra.
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