write a note on v.s of kidney
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V. S. of Kidneys:
Each kidney consists of about 1 million nephrons. These are the structural and functional units of the kidneys. A notch present towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is called hilum. Through the hilum, the ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter the kidney. On the inside of the hilum, the renal pelvis is present. Renal pelvis has projections called calyces. There are two zones in kidneys, i.e. cortex (outer) and medulla (inner).
The main components of a nephron are the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube. The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with the glomerulus. Water and solutes are transferred to the nephron at the Bowman’s capsule.
In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine. The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, in which more water is reabsorbed. From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule, and finally to the collecting duct. This duct collects urine from many nephrons.
The urine formed in each kidney then enters a long tube called the ureter. The ureters move the urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is under the control of the nervous system. This helps us to control the urge to urinate.
V. S. of Kidneys:
Each kidney consists of about 1 million nephrons. These are the structural and functional units of the kidneys. A notch present towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is called hilum. Through the hilum, the ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter the kidney. On the inside of the hilum, the renal pelvis is present. Renal pelvis has projections called calyces. There are two zones in kidneys, i.e. cortex (outer) and medulla (inner).
The main components of a nephron are the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube. The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with the glomerulus. Water and solutes are transferred to the nephron at the Bowman’s capsule.
In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine. The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, in which more water is reabsorbed. From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule, and finally to the collecting duct. This duct collects urine from many nephrons.
The urine formed in each kidney then enters a long tube called the ureter. The ureters move the urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is under the control of the nervous system. This helps us to control the urge to urinate.
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Kidney is the organ of excretion of metabolic wastes produced in the cells and diffused into the blood.
Explanation:
- A pair of kidneys is located on the vertebral column. It performs blood filtration and produces urine. In each kidney, coiled structures called Nephrons are present and these are called the functional and structural unit of the kidney. The blood is brought to the kidneys for filtration by the renal artery, whereas the filtered blood is carried away from the kidneys by the renal vein.
- A pair of ureters are attached to each of the kidneys that takes urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. Urine is sored in the urinary bladder and when it is filled, it moves to the urethra upon contraction. Urethra is the tubular outlet through which urine is excreted out of the body.
- The vertical section of kidney shows: renal capsule which is the outermost covering of the kidney that protects it from injuries; renal cortex which is the outer region of the kidney and this contains the Malphigian Bodies of the nephrons; renal medulla which is the inner region of the kidney and it is made up of pyramids which are conical in shape and 15 to 16 in numbers; and pelvis which connects the pyramids with the ureter cavity.
To learn more:
1. Write any two causes that may damage the kidney of a person:
https://brainly.in/question/439442
2. Name some common disorders of kidney in man and explain in brief.:
https://brainly.in/question/2043559
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