Write a note on viruses. Answer is about 100 words.
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Virus :
The name 'Virus' means vinom or poisonous fluid. It was given by Pasteur. In 1892, D. J. Ivanowsky recognized certain microbes which cause mosaic disease of tobacco. These were found to be smaller than bacteria because they passed through the filters that were bacteria-proof.
Viruses did not find place in classification since they are not truely living. They don't have cellular structure. Viruses are considered as connecting link between living and non living organisms. We know that molecules inside cell always show some movement. Molecular movement takes place even when we are sleeping. But, viruses do not show any molecular movement. That is why it has been controversial whether viruses are living or non living.
Viruses are non cellular as mentioned as above. They have inert crystalline structure outside the living cell. They infect the host cell and use their machinery to replicate thereby killing the host cell.
As viruses use our cell machinery. So, antibiotics are not effective against them. We have to kill our cells if we want to kill or stop from replicating the virus. In 1935, W. M. Stanley showed that crystals of viruses mainly consist of proteins. In addition to it, they also contain genetic materials that could be either DNA or RNA. No virus contains both DNA and RNA. The nucleic acid is protected by a protein called capsid which is made up of small sub units of capsomeres. Viruses are the cause of diseases like cold, influenza, chicken pox, etc. The deadly diseases like AIDS and hepatitis B are also caused by virus.
Hope It Helps
Here is your answer.
Virus :
The name 'Virus' means vinom or poisonous fluid. It was given by Pasteur. In 1892, D. J. Ivanowsky recognized certain microbes which cause mosaic disease of tobacco. These were found to be smaller than bacteria because they passed through the filters that were bacteria-proof.
Viruses did not find place in classification since they are not truely living. They don't have cellular structure. Viruses are considered as connecting link between living and non living organisms. We know that molecules inside cell always show some movement. Molecular movement takes place even when we are sleeping. But, viruses do not show any molecular movement. That is why it has been controversial whether viruses are living or non living.
Viruses are non cellular as mentioned as above. They have inert crystalline structure outside the living cell. They infect the host cell and use their machinery to replicate thereby killing the host cell.
As viruses use our cell machinery. So, antibiotics are not effective against them. We have to kill our cells if we want to kill or stop from replicating the virus. In 1935, W. M. Stanley showed that crystals of viruses mainly consist of proteins. In addition to it, they also contain genetic materials that could be either DNA or RNA. No virus contains both DNA and RNA. The nucleic acid is protected by a protein called capsid which is made up of small sub units of capsomeres. Viruses are the cause of diseases like cold, influenza, chicken pox, etc. The deadly diseases like AIDS and hepatitis B are also caused by virus.
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VIRUSES:
▪ Introduction - virus:
Virus is a Latin word which means poison. Adolf Mayer described for the first time a disease of tobacco plant.
▪ Size and shape of virus:
Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and their size is variable. The larger viruses may be about 300 A in diameters, i.e., they may be as large as some of the small bacteria. The majority of the viruses are about 200 Å in diameters.
▪ Structure of virus:
Viruses have simple morphology. They consist of two distinct parts: a core of nucleic acid and the protein coat. The protein coat is known as capsid. The protein coat or capsid is composed of several closely packed morphological unit called capsomeres. In this respect viruses differ from typical bacterial cells which are made up of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids etc. Some viruses, Example: Myxoviruses have additional membranous envelope containing proteins, lipids and carbohydrates outside the usual protein coat. They do not have plasma membrane.
#BeBrainly
▪ Introduction - virus:
Virus is a Latin word which means poison. Adolf Mayer described for the first time a disease of tobacco plant.
▪ Size and shape of virus:
Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and their size is variable. The larger viruses may be about 300 A in diameters, i.e., they may be as large as some of the small bacteria. The majority of the viruses are about 200 Å in diameters.
▪ Structure of virus:
Viruses have simple morphology. They consist of two distinct parts: a core of nucleic acid and the protein coat. The protein coat is known as capsid. The protein coat or capsid is composed of several closely packed morphological unit called capsomeres. In this respect viruses differ from typical bacterial cells which are made up of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids etc. Some viruses, Example: Myxoviruses have additional membranous envelope containing proteins, lipids and carbohydrates outside the usual protein coat. They do not have plasma membrane.
#BeBrainly
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