write a report on covid 19, how affected you and your country in about 250 words
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Answer:
Explanation:
On 9 January 2020, WHO published interim laboratory guidance for detection of the novel coronavirus. This
guidance is continually updated as more data becomes available and includes advice on sample collection, diagnostic
testing, and pathogen characterization. Specific interim guidance on biosafety in the laboratory has also been
published. An update to the guidance for the international shipment of specimens will follow soon. WHO is utilizing
an international network of expert laboratories to provide support in the detection of the COVID-19 virus globally.
Figure 2. WHO international reference laboratories for the COVID-19 virus.
The diagnostic landscape of this outbreak is changing quickly. The first COVID-19 cases were detected using genomic
sequencing, but multiple RT-PCR commercial and non-commercial assays have since been developed. As the
international case load increases, there is an urgent need to rapidly scale up diagnostic capacity to detect and
confirm cases of COVID-19. WHO has taken a three-pronged approach to enhance global diagnostic capacity for the
COVID-19 virus:
1) Developing a WHO network of 15 COVID-19 reference laboratories with demonstrated expertise in the
molecular detection of coronaviruses. These international laboratories can support national labs to confirm
the COVID-19 virus and troubleshoot their molecular assays.
2) Strengthening national capacity for detection of the COVID-19 virus so that diagnostic testing can be
performed rapidly without the need for overseas shipping. Existing global networks for detection of
respiratory pathogens are being utilized including, notably, the National Influenza Centers that support the
Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System.
3) Ensuring ongoing test availability. WHO has procured a commercial assay (manufactured under ISO:13485)
with strong performance data and shipped to over 150 laboratories globally as an interim measure for
Member States requesting support. The main goal is to strengthen global diagnostic capacity for detection of
the COVID-19 virus. Support is now also provided to ensure the quality of testing through the
implementation of an External Quality Assurance mechanism.
Public health efforts are targeted at both interrupting further transmission and monitoring the spread of COVID-19.
As reports of asymptomatic cases increase, the need for reliable serology testing is becoming more urgent. There are
a number of groups working on this and developments are being monitored.
environment
The coronavirus pandemic has caused a global reduction in economic activity and although this is major cause for concern, the ramping down of human activity appears to have had a positive impact on the environment. Industrial and transport emissions and effluents have reduced, and measurable data supports the clearing of pollutants in the atmosphere, soil and water. This effect is also in contrast to carbon emissions, which shot up by 5 percent after the global financial crash over a decade ago, as a result of stimulus spending on fossil fuel use to kickstart the global economy.
The month of May, which usually records peak carbon emissions due to the decomposition of leaves, has recorded what might be the lowest levels of pollutants in the air since the 2008 financial crisis.
China and Northern Italy have also recorded significant reductions in their nitrogen dioxide levels.
Further, sources suggest that there has been a 25 percent drop in energy use and emissions in China over two weeks which is likely to decrease the overall annual carbon emissions of the country by 1 percent.
In India the results were similar too; March 22 was the ‘Janata Curfew’, following which, a significant dip in air pollution levels was measured across the country. Cities like Delhi, Bengaluru, Kolkata and Lucknow saw their average Air Quality Index (AQI) staying within two digits.
Another example of cleaner air was seen when, on April 3rd, residents of Jalandhar, a city in Punjab state, woke up to a view of the Dhauladhar mountain range, a rare feat in normal times, considering the distance between the two places- lying nearly 213 kilometres apart from each other and have not been visible from the city in recent memory.
Water bodies have also been clearing and the rivers Yamuna and Ganga have seen significant improvement since the enforcement of a nationwide lockdown. According to the real-time water monitoring data of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the average water quality of 27 points of the Ganga seen in recent days, is suitable for bathing and propagation of wildlife and fisheries.
In conclusion, the takeaway from this is that once nations come to grips with the coronavirus, better implementation of the environmental, transport and industry regulations should be considered a priority to ease the detrimental impacts of human activity on the environment.
The international community, as it fights to regain an accepted normal, ought to take into consideration, the enlightening results of this pandemic. The environment, for one, bounced back faster than we thought it could. And it would be downright irresponsible to let that knowledge take a backseat once social distancing and nationwide lockdowns are no longer required.
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