Write a report on the topic of tissue and types of tissue meristematic tissue and permanent tissue.
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Have you ever wondered how the tips of tall plants get water that is absorbed by the roots, deep down in the ground? Is there any special mechanism by which this happens? Well! It is not exactly a mechanism, but a group of specialized cells and tissues that help to carry out this function. You have already learned about one type of plant tissue, i.e. the Meristematic Tissues(Read). Plants also have other types of tissue called the permanent tissue in them. It is one of these tissues that help in the movement of water from the root to the stem.
Have you ever wondered how the tips of tall plants get water that is absorbed by the roots, deep down in the ground? Is there any special mechanism by which this happens? Well! It is not exactly a mechanism, but a group of specialized cells and tissues that help to carry out this function. You have already learned about one type of plant tissue, i.e. the Meristematic Tissues(Read). Plants also have other types of tissue called the permanent tissue in them. It is one of these tissues that help in the movement of water from the root to the stem.
Permanent tissues can be classified into two types. They are:
Simple permanent tissue
Complex Permanent tissue
Simple Permanent Tissues
These tissues are simple. They are made up of only one type of cell. Here, all the cells that make up the tissue are similar and have the same structure, with the same type parts. Simple permanent tissues are again classified into three main types. They are parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.
Parenchyma – The cells of this tissue are living, with thin cell walls. Cells can be oval or round in shape. They have a large central vacuole and a dense cytoplasm. The parenchyma tissue is located in the soft parts of the plant such as cortex and pith. It mainly acts as a packing tissue, providing mechanical support. It also helps in the storage of food. Based on the specific functions, parenchyma can be further classified into Aerenchyma and Chlorenchyma.
Collenchyma – These cells are living cells and have an elongated shape. The corners of the cell wall are thickened. There is very little intercellular space present. The collenchyma tissue can be located in the leaf stalks, below the epidermis etc. Its main function is to provide flexibility to the plants as well as mechanical support.
Sclerenchyma – The cells of the sclerenchyma tissue are dead. The cell wall is very thick due to the deposition of lignin. The cells of this tissue can be in different shapes and sizes. They are generally located in the leaf veins, hard coverings of the seeds and can also be found surrounding the vascular bundle. The main function of the sclerenchymatic tissue is to provide rigidity and mechanical support to the plant body. They also make the plant stiff and hard.