write a report on wearing mask and keeping physical distance to save the human race from Covid - 19. (2+8)
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Answer:
COVID-19 is having a dramatic impact on health care systems in even the most developed countries. When there is no effective vaccine, breaking the transmission link is the main method for containing an infectious disease. Lockdowns of cities or countries have spread almost as fast as the exponential growth in the number of infections and deaths, but the disease trend has yet to be definitively reversed in the most severely affected countries. In those few countries where the number of new cases or deaths has peaked, this often occurred too late to avert a major blow to the economy.
Social distancing is critical in slowing this rapidly spreading pandemic. However, a high degree of compliance is needed for it to exert the greatest impact and it may not be easily achievable, especially in Western cultures. Even during a lockdown, there are necessary person-to-person contacts, such as going to supermarkets or seeking medical care, and other activities necessary to sustain the livelihood of citizens and communities. As people are constantly moving, the virus can be picked up from and/or passed onto objects if they are not wearing masks even when social distancing is rigorously practiced. These loopholes may bring the SARS-CoV-2 virus back to homes, institutions, and staff required to provide essential services, thus nullifying much of the effects of the lockdown.
There are severe shortages of disposable surgical masks. Some authorities, including the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, therefore advocate the use of cloth masks as a sustainable substitute for general community use. Masks can be made from a wide variety of materials available in our homes, and can be reused multiple times after washing with detergent or hot water. With political will and community mobilisation, huge quantities could be rapidly produced and distributed through enlisting the support of government, commercial, industrial and voluntary agencies. The Czech Republic has managed to produce cloth masks for 10 million people within a matter of days to allow compulsory mask wearing in public places. There have been some misconceptions about the cloth mask. Cloth masks are not alien to either Eastern or Western cultures. They were regularly used by surgeons performing operations before disposable masks became available.
A clustered randomised trial comparing cloth masks and surgical masks in health care workers is often cited as evidence against the use of cloth masks. However, that study was conducted in a high-risk setting in Viet Nam to assess the effectiveness of cloth masks in protecting healthcare workers from flu-like illnesses. It therefore addressed a very different question from the role of mass wearing of masks for source control in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, studies on the protective efficacy of masks are hampered by the fact that healthcare workers may be infected by the flu virus in ways other than from just patient contact. Studies on protective efficacy in cluster trials are further hindered by cross-transmission among healthcare workers through social contact and shared use of facilities outside patient care.
This pandemic will affect many aspects of our lives in our global village. Major recessions in the large economic powers will have massive repercussions for the smaller economies. The full impact of the pandemic is yet to be seen in Africa, Asia and South America. China’s success in combating the virus shows the power of everyone working together. A mask that we all wear in public places shows a shared goal to protect each other, rather than mutual incrimination and discrimination. Let us all strike out in solidarity to conquer this most dangerous enemy in mankind’s recent history.
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