write a report writing on earthquake in siliguri
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On 18 September 2011, all the Indian states and countries surrounding Sikkim witnessed a devastating
moderate earthquake of magnitude 6.9 (Mw). Originating in Sikkim–Nepal border with an intensity of VIþ in
MSK scale, this earthquake caused collapse of both unreinforced masonry buildings, heritage structures and
framed structures followed by landslides and mud slides at various places of Sikkim. Significant damages have
been observed in relatively new framed structures mainly in Government buildings, thick masonry structures,
while, the older wooden frame (ekra) non-engineered structures performed well during the earthquake.
Further, it is noteworthy that government buildings suffered more than private ones and damages were
observed more in newer framed structures than older ones. Analysis of the damages identify lateral spreading
of slope, pounding of buildings, out-of-plane rotation, generation of structural cracks, plastic hinge formation at
column capitals and damage of infill wall material as predominant damage features. A few remedial measures
are also attempted to be mentioned with future need of research and application. It has been felt to create
awareness regarding these issues and is the need of the hour.
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