Question

Write a script that inputs a line of text, tokenizes it with string method split and outputs the tokens in reverse order.

Answer 1

Accommodation is the change in optical power experienced by the crystalline lens when the ciliary muscle contracts, which allows the human eye to focus on near objects. The eye uses this mechanism to attain clear vision across a wide range of viewing distances. In an emmetropic eye, accommodation is relaxed when the eye is focusing at distant objects. This system is quite precise and its operation depends on the integrity of both central and peripheral connections. Accommodative dysfunction, which may be either excessive or insufficient, can be caused by both systemic abnormalities and focal pathologic processes.

Accommodation is controlled by the action of the ciliary muscle, which is innervated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This system influences numerous ocular functions through parasympathetic and sympathetic innervations. The control of accommodation is mediated primarily by parasympathetic input [1], resulting in changes in the dioptric power of the crystalline lens. Nevertheless, there exists evidence supporting also a sympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle [2].

Parasympathetic innervation is mediated through postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia [3]. Ciliary ganglion neurons project to the ciliary body and the iris sphincter muscle to control accommodation and pupil constriction, respectively. Pupil dilation is controlled by the iris dilator muscle through sympathetic innervation from postganglionic fibers, which have their origin in neurons at the superior cervical ganglion. During accommodation the pupil constricts to increase the depth of focus of the eye and improve retinal image quality [4]. This is part of the accommodation reflex, which includes all the automatic and coordinated changes that occur in the eye when viewing a near object: constriction of the pupil, convergence of the eyes, and increased convexity of the crystalline lens.

Answer 2

Java String FAQ: How do I split a String into substrings?

To split a string in Java into substrings, use the split method of the String class. For instance, given the following string:

String speech = "Four score and seven years ago";

You can split the string into substrings using the following line of code:

String[] result = speech.split("\\s");

More accurately, that expression will split the string into substrings where the substrings are separated by whitespace characters. For this example, it serves the purpose of breaking the string into words. The string \s is a regular expression that means "whitespace", and you have to write it with two backslash characters ("\\s") when writing it as a string in Java.

If you print these results with a Java for loop, like this:

for (int x=0; x<result.length; x++) { System.out.println(result[x]); }

You'll see the following output:

Four score and seven years ago

A complete split string example

To help you see how this works, and experiment with it yourself, here's the source code for a complete example:

/** * A Java String split example. * By Alvin Alexander, http://alvinalexander.com */ public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { String speech = "Four score and seven years ago"; String[] result = speech.split("\\s"); for (int x=0; x<result.length; x++) { System.out.println(result[x]); } } }

If you want to split by a "normal" character when using the splitmethod, just specify that character as a string in double quote when calling split. For instance, given the following string, which is separated by ":" characters:

String s = "Alvin:Alexander:Talkeetna:Alaska";

You would split it into substrings with this line of code:

String[] result = s.split(":");

You could then print it using the for loop shown earlier.

I hope it help you...
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