write a short note about different types of forests
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Different types of forests
India has a diverse range of forests: from the rainforest of Kerala in the south to the alpine pastures of Ladakh in the north, from the deserts of Rajasthan in the west to the evergreen forests in the north-east. Climate, soil type, topography, and elevation are the main factors that determine the type of forest. Forests are classified according to their nature and composition, the type of climate in which they thrive, and its relationship with the surrounding environment.
What are the different types of forests found in India?
There are broadly five categories of forests in India. They are named as Tropical evergreen forests, Tropical deciduous forests, Tropical thorn forests, Montane forests, and Swamp forests. Although different geographers divide the forests into many other categories, these are supposed to remain uniform throughout the country. Let's take one by one in brief.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
These trees have broadleafs. India also has temperate deciduous forests but they are very less in number. These broad leaves are shed in the autumn season but it is in case of temperate deciduous mode. The tropical deciduous forests have the trees that shed their leaves in the winter season.
Tropical Rain Forests
These are also called equatorial rainforests. Rainforests are those forests which are characterized by heavy rainfall between 1750 mm and 2000 mm. These forests incur heavy showers of 100-600 cm a year, so they are named so. Coffee, bananas, and chocolates come from tropical rainforests.
Montane Forests
This type of forest is found in mountain or hilly areas. These areas include the hilly area of Himalayas and Vindhyas or Nilgiri hills. The forests in the northern region are denser than in the South. At higher altitudes, fir, juniper, deodar, and chilgoza can be found.
Tropical Thorn forests
They are found in the area with very little rainfall (as little as 50cm). Arid regions of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh have these forests.
Swamp Forests
These are also called Wetland forests in Gujarat, Rajasthan, and in Rann of Kutch. The other name of these forests is Littoral forests.
Other geographers may even name alpine forests as another category of forests, but technically speaking there are commonly known as only five categories of forests, which are enlisted above.
