write a short note on british document
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The British Raj (/rɑːdʒ/; from rāj, literally, "rule" in Sanskrit and Hindustani)[2] was the rule by the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent from 1858 to 1947.[3][4][5][6] The rule is also called Crown rule in India,[7] or direct rule in India.[8] The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage, and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British tutelage or paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially.[9]
India
1858–1947
1909 map of India, showing British India in two shades of pink and the princely states in yellow
1909 map of India, showing British India in two shades of pink and the princely states in yellow
Status
Imperial political structure (comprising British India, a quasi-federation of presidencies and provinces directly governed by the British Crown through the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, Princely States, governed by Indian rulers, under the suzerainty of The British Crown exercised through the Viceroy of India)[1]
Capital
Calcutta
(1858–1911)
New Delhi
(1911–1947)
Simla (summer capital)
(1864–1947)
Common languages
English (Official language)
Regional Languages:
Hindustani
Bengali
Assamese
Punjabi
Pashto
Tamil
Telugu
Other Languages:
Various South Asian languages
Religion
Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism
Government
British Colonial Government
Monarch of the United Kingdom and Emperor/Empress[a]
• 1858–1901
Victoria
• 1901–1910
Edward VII
• 1910–1936
George V
• 1936
Edward VIII
• 1936–1947
George VI
Viceroy[b]
• 1858–1862 (first)
Charles Canning
• 1947 (last)
Louis Mountbatten
Secretary of State
• 1858–1859 (first)
Edward Stanley
• 1947 (last)
William Hare
Legislature
Imperial Legislative Council
History
• Battle of Plassey & Indian Rebellion
23 June 1757 and 10 May 1857
• Government of India Act
2 August 1858
• Indian Independence Act
18 July 1947
• Partition of India
14 and 15 August 1947
Currency
Indian rupee
Preceded by Succeeded by
1858:
Company rule in India
Mughal Empire
1893:
Emirate of Afghanistan
1937:
Colony of Burma
1947:
Dominion of India
Dominion of Pakistan
The title of Emperor/Empress of India existed from 1876 to 1948.
The full title was "Viceroy and Governor-General of India".
Explanation:
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Answer:
British India was the area of India in South Asia which for hundreds of years was under the influence of the English (later the British). From the 1600s until 1858 these areas were run by the English East India Company. After 1858 until 1947 they became the British Raj.
Some areas were under the direct rule of the Governor-General of India. He was appointed by the Government of the United Kingdom in London, and was a Viceroy, meaning, the deputy of Queen Victoria. In princely states where an agreement was reached, the traditional rule continued, but the British had an influence.
After 1876 when Queen Victoria become Empress of India, British India was part of the British Indian Empire, which also included hundreds of Indian princely states which had never been conquered by the British and still had control of their own affairs. These were each ruled by local rulers under the protection of the British. This empire is sometimes called the British Raj.