Question

write a short note on cotton textile industry

Answer 1

Answer:

Cotton textile industry:

Explanation:

The cotton textile industry is the fastest growing sector in the textile industry.

The world's largest producers of cotton textiles are China and India.

In India, the first Indian cotton cloth mill was established in 1818 at Fort Gloster near Kolkata. This mill was a failure. The second mill which was established by KGN Daber in 1854 is called the true foundation of the modern cotton industry in India. It was named as Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company, Bombay.

The cotton textile industry establishment at a location depends on several factors like availability of raw cotton, market, transport, etc.

The factors that affect the cotton textile industries are as follows:

1. Lack of raw cotton: Most of the long staple cotton growing areas went under Pakistan during the partition and now the shortage is managed by resorting to imports.
2. Most of the textile industries contain old machinery which is obsolete and thus lowering productivity.
3. The power supply to many of the cotton industry is inadequate which adversely affects the production.

Advantages of Cotton textile industry:

To survive, humans need food, shelter, and warmth. Textiles fall into all of these categories. Because of clothing and protective gear, farmers can use fertilizers, herbicides, or pesticides to increase crop yields.  

Answer 2

Answer:

Cotton Textiles: Cotton textiles were traditionally produced with hand spinning and handloom weaving techniques. Power-looms came into use after the 18th century. During the colonial period, the competition of mill-made cloth from England destroyed the Indian textiles industry.

At present, there are 1600 cotton and synthetic textile mills in India. Almost 80% of them are in the private sector. The rest are in the public sector and cooperative sector. Additionally, there are several thousand small factories with four to ten looms.

Explanation:

Location of Cotton Textile Industry: This industry was earlier concentrated in the cotton belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat. Availability of raw materials, port facilities, transport, labour, moist climate, etc. were in favour of these locations. The industry provides a source of livelihood to farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing. This industry supports many other industries; like chemical and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.

Spinning still continues to be centralized in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. However, weaving is highly decentralized and there are many weaving centres in the country.

Production of fabric in India by various sectors

Sector Share of production Loomage

Mills 6% 1.33 lakh

Powerloom 54.17% 14 lakh

Handloom 23% NA

India exports cotton yarn to Japan. Cotton goods are also exported to USA, UK, Russia, France, East European countries, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka and African countries.

At around 34 million, India has the second largest installed capacity of spindles in the world; after China. India accounts for one fourth of the world trade in cotton yarn. However, India’s share in garment trade in the world is only 4%. Our spinning mills are globally competitive and can use all the fibres we produce. But the weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much of the high quality yarn produced in the country.

Problems in cotton textile industry: Erratic power supply and obsolete machinery are the major problems. Low output of labour and stiff competition; with the synthetic fibre are the other problems.