write a short note on cunieform
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Answer:
Cuneiform was one of the earliest systems of writing, invented by Sumerians in ancient Mesopotamia. It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. ... Cuneiform writing was gradually replaced by the Phoenician alphabet during the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–612 BC).
Explanation :
Answer:
Cuneiform[a] was one of the earliest systems of writing, invented by Sumerians in ancient Mesopotamia.[b][4][5] It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus.[6][7][8][9] The term cuneiform comes from cuneus, Latin for "wedge".[10][11][12]
Cuneiform
Xerxes Cuneiform Van.JPG
Trilingual cuneiform inscription of Xerxes I at Van Fortress in Turkey, written in Old Persian, Elamite and Babylonian
Type
Logographic and syllabary
Languages
Sumerian, Akkadian, Eblaite, Elamite, Hattic, Hittite, Hurrian, Luwian, Urartian, Old Persian
Created
around 3200 BC[1]
Time period
c. 31st century BC to 2nd century AD
Parent systems
(Proto-writing)
Cuneiform
Child systems
None; influenced shape of Ugaritic; apparently inspired Old Persian
Direction
Left-to-right
ISO 15924
Xsux, 020
Unicode alias
Cuneiform
Unicode range
U+12000 to U+123FF Cuneiform
U+12400 to U+1247F Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation
This article contains cuneiform script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script.
Emerging in Sumer in the late fourth millennium BC (the Uruk IV period) to convey the Sumerian language, which was a language isolate, cuneiform writing began as a system of pictograms, stemming from an earlier system of shaped tokens used for accounting. In the third millennium, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use decreased (Hittite cuneiform). The system consists of a combination of logophonetic, consonantal alphabetic, and syllabic signs.
The original Sumerian script was adapted for the writing of the Semitic Akkadian (Assyrian/Babylonian), Eblaite and Amorite languages, the language isolates Elamite, Hattic, Hurrian and Urartian, as well as Indo-European languages Hittite and Luwian; it inspired the later Semitic Ugaritic alphabet as well as Old Persian cuneiform. Cuneiform writing was gradually replaced by the Phoenician alphabet during the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–612 BC).
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