write a short note on dietary guidelines of hypercholesterolemia.
Answers
Answer:
The National Lipid Association recommends that people with familial hypercholesterolemia restrict intakes of total fat to 25–35% of energy intake, saturated fat to less than 7% of energy intake, and cholesterol to less than 200 mg per day.
Hypercholesterolemia can be defined as the presence of high plasma cholesterol levels, with normal plasma triglycerides, as a consequence of the rise of cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (apoB)-rich lipoproteins, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
Who should be screened for hypercholesterolemia?
The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) recommends that all adults age 20 years or older should undergo fasting lipoprotein profile every 5 years. Testing should include total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides.
2.
True or false: Coronary atherosclerosis is common in persons in their 20s and 30s.
True. Autopsy and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies have demonstrated detectable atheromas and/or atherosclerosis in 50% to 69% of asymptomatic young persons
What are the ATP III classifications of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels based on measured values?
The values, as denoted in ATP III, are given in Table 41-1. Note that since publication of this classification in 2001, a goal of LDL less than 70 mg/dL has emerged as desirable in some very high-risk populations and thus an LDL of significantly less than 100 mg/dL would now be considered optimal in such patients. To convert the values in the table to mmol/L, divide by 88.6.