Question

write a short note on different types of soil​

Answer 1

Types of soil :-

⇒ Alluvial Soil

• Most widely spread and important soil
• Comprise of sand, silt and clay.
• Classified as Khadar and Bangar.
• Very fertile, good for growth of wheat, paddy, sugar cane and pulses.
• Found in Rajasthan, Gujarat, eastern coastal plains.

⇒ Black soil

• Black coloured soil is also known as regur soil.
• Made up of fine, clayey matter.
• Well known for their capacity to hold moisture.
• Ideal growth for cotton and known as black cotton soil.
• Found in plateau of Maharashtra, Make a, Madhya Pradesh, Saurastra and Chattisgarh.

⇒ Red and yellow soils

• Develop on crystalline rocks.
• Develop reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
• Look yellow when occur in hydrated form.
• Found in parts of Odisha, Chattishgarh, Southern part of middle Ganag plain.

⇒ Laterite soils

• Result of intense teaching due to heavy rain.
• Low humus content.
• Suitable for cultivation with adequate doses of manures and fertilizers.
• More suitable for crops like cashew nut.
• Found in Kerala, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Jadu and hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.

⇒ Arid soil

• Colour ranges from red to brown.
• Sandy texture, saline in nature.
• In some areas their salt content is high.
• Lack humus and moisture.
• Found in western Rajasthan.

⇒ Forest soils

• Loamy and silty in valley and coarse grained in upper slopes.
• Fertile in the lower parts of valleys.
• Texture varies according to the mountain environment.
• Acidic with low humus content.
• Found in hilly and mountainous region.

Answer 2

Answer:

$- silt \: soil$

$- chalk \: soil$

$- red \: soil$

$- black \: soil$

$- clay \: soil$

$- sandy \: soil$

$- loam \: soil$

$- mountain \: soil$

$- alluvial \: soil$