Write a short note on electrophile
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Answer:
...«❤ANSWER ❤»...
In chemistry, an electrophile is a chemical species that forms bonds with nucleophiles by accepting an electron pair. Most elecyrophiles are positively charged, have an atom that carries a partial positive charge, or have an atom that does not have an octet of electrons.
Explanation:
It's Pandit Manish
Explanation:
=>What is Electrophile?
The word electrophile is made from “electro” derived from electron and “phile” which means loving.
Any molecule, ion or atom that is deficient in electron in some manner can act as an electrophile. In other words, the reagent which attacks the negative of the molecule or loves electrons is called electrophile. They are generally positively charged or are neutral species (electron-deficient molecules) with empty orbitals. Electrophiles can accept a couple of electrons.
*)Points to Remember:
1)They are electron deficient and they tend to be attracted towards electrons.
2)They are either positively or neutrally charged.
They attack electron-rich areas such as carbon-carbon double bonds.
3)Movement of electrons is affected by the density and the movement is generally from a high-density area to low-density area.
4)Favour electrophilic addition and electrophilic substitution reactions.
5)Also called Lewis acid because they accept electrons.
6)Electrophiles are involved in electrophilic substitution and addition reaction.
#Types of Electrophiles
The different types of electrophiles can be classified as:
1. Positively Charged Electrophiles:
H+, SO3H+, NO+, NO2+, X+, R+ , C6H5N2+, C+2H-OH, CH3 C+ =O
2. Neutral Electrophiles: These showcase electron deficiency.
(a) All Lewis acids: BF3, AlCl3, SO3, ZnCl2, BeCl2, FeCl3, SnCl2, CO2, SnCl4.
(b) The neutral atom that accepts electrons from the substrates :
> *C = O, R *COCl, R – * Mg – X, *I – Cl, CH3 – *CN, R*–Cl, R*–O,
Neutral Electrophiles
The star (*) indicates the atom that accepts electrons.
(c) Free radicals, carbenes and nitrene act as electrophiles.
(d) Species with electrophilic centre:
Species with electrophilic centre