write a short note on endurance in physical education
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Answer:
ENDURANCE DEFINITION
Endurance can be defined as the ability to continue to endure a stress, hardship or level of suffering.
In the context of sport, endurance is the ability to sustain a specific activity (endurance running, cycling, swimming, rowing, cross country skiing etc) for a prolonged period of time.
What is an endurance sport?
An endurance sport is any sport in which there is a requirement to sustain an activity level whilst enduring a level of physical stress.
Endurance Sport Requirements
The main requirement for any endurance sport is the ability to sustain a high work rate for a prolonged period of time.
Whilst this is strongly influenced by physiological factors (efficiency of energy systems, aerobic capacity/VO2 max, lactate threshold, muscle strength, power and muscular endurance), psychology also plays a key part in success in endurance sport. As such, the ability to compete successfully in endurance events is affected by both our physiological fitness and our psychology.
Endurance training involves developing both general and event specific endurance. It also helps us to develop the mental toughness or “grit” needed to be able to achieve our peak performance.
The overall efficiency of the cardiovascular system is affected by a number of factors:
The ability of the lungs to be able to inhale a large volume of air (tidal volume) and efficiently absorb oxygen from the air.
The efficiency of the heart to pump large amounts of oxygenated blood (cardiac output) to the working muscles.
The efficiency of the circulatory system to deliver the oxygenated blood to the working muscles. The efficiency of all parts of the cardiovascular system improves significantly with appropriate endurance training.
Muscular endurance
Muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to repeatedly exert a force for an extended period of time. As such, an athlete with good muscular endurance will be able to repeat a series of muscular contractions without fatiguing.
The greater the level of muscular endurance the more force the muscle can exert over time. Muscular endurance is affected by the percentage of different muscle fiber types (fast and slow twitch).
Muscular endurance can be improved through specific training that leads to improvements in the fatigue resistance of both slow and fast twitch muscle fibers. Part of the way training improves muscular endurance is through adaptations to the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. Another factor is improved delivery of oxygen to the working muscles. And we also see increased muscle fiber recruitment, which effectively reduces the workload on individual