write a short note on human heart
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Answer:
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.[1] Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as assisting in the removal of metabolic wastes.[2] In humans, the heart is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the chest.[3]
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Human heart is an essential component of circulatory system. It plays important role of pumping blood to all the parts of body and circulation of blood is quite necessary for our body in order to transport different nutrients, hormones etc.
It consist of four chambers which are as follows:
•Right atrium: It receives deoxygenated blood from inferior and superior vena cava from all parts of the body.
•Right ventricle: It receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium and then transfer this deoxygenated blood to lungs through pulmonary artery for purification.
•Left atrium: It receives oxygenated blood through pulmonary vein which carries purified blood from lungs.
•Left ventricle: It receives oxygenated blood form left atrium and then transfer it the aorta which pumps this blood to all arteries and in result oxygenated blood is circulated among all the body parts.
Valves are also present in our hearts which are as follows:
•Tricuspid valve: This valve is present between right atrium and right ventricle. This valve prevents the backflow of blood from right ventricle to right atrium.
•Bicuspid valve: This valve is present between left atrium and left ventricle. This valve prevents the backflow of blood form left ventricle to left atrium.
There are certain important arteries and veins which are present in heart and are as follows:
•Inferior vena cava: It brings deoxygenated blood from lower part of the body to the right atrium.
•Superior vena cava: It brings deoxygenated blood from upper part of the body to the right atrium.
•Pulmonary artery: Right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary artery and this artery carries this deoxygenated blood to the lungs for purification.
•Pulmonary vein: It carries oxygenated blood from lungs and transfers it to left atrium.
•Aorta: It receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and then transfers this blood to other arteries which circulate that oxygenated blood to all other body parts.
A separation also remains present between left and right portion of heart which we call as septum. This septum separates the left and right chambers of heart and thus prevents mixing of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.