Write a short note on Mangrove forest of India with special reference to development of tourism in Sunderbans.
Answers
Answer:
Mangrove forests or swamps can be found on low, muddy, tropical coastal areas around the world. Mangroves are woody plants that form the dominant vegetation of mangrove forests. They are characterized by their prop roots, their ability to tolerate regular inundation by salt water, and by precocious (pre-dispersal) germination of their seeds and development of their seedlings. Woody plants sharing these adaptations are all called mangroves although not closely related; the mangroves below belong to Rhizophoraceae, Meliaceae, and Verbenaceae.
Mangrove forests form along the banks of estuarine rivers. They form dense thickets of prop roots and aerial stems, which in turn trap sediments and move the shallow mud flats and delta areas seaward. The mud, stems, and roots make excursions into mangroves difficult, a real biological adventure.
Mangroves are highly productive areas contributing to the food chains of coastal oceanic areas. The biomass and diversity of invertebrates per unit area of mangroves and adjacent mud flats is very high. Seabirds using mangroves as rookeries and by depositing their guano, they return valuable nitrogen from the oceans to the mangrove forest. Many oceanic organisms rely on mangroves for part of their life cycle, so mangroves are nurseries for ocean fisheries. The thick mangrove forests also protect low coastal areas in storms. However, humans have tended to look upon mangrove swamps as useless vegetation blocking their access to the coast, so mangroves have been destroyed in many areas by human development. Given the key position mangrove forests in the life cycles and food chains of coastal oceans, this destruction will have an adverse affect on coastal fisheries.
Explanation:
The name sunderbans is a bengali word meaning beautiful forest . The name is derived from sundari trees located there and bans is the forest .
It is a national park and a tiger reserve which is located inside a biosphere reserve in West Bengal.
Delta is densely covered by mangrove forests and is also the largest tiger reserve of India for Bengal tigers
It is a UNESCO World Heritage site inscribed in 1987 and has been designated as a ramasar site this year.
It's governing body is Government of India.
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