Write a short note on modern India's river valley project
Answers
River valley projects involve the construction of a gigantic single dam or series of small dams on a
river and on its tributaries. Ever since, dealing with water resources has been one of the primary aims because of which multi-purpose river valley projects have been gaining importance. The purpose of these projects are to fulfil the need of irrigation, flood control and generation of hydro-electricity along with fishing and recreation through navigation.
Such projects include afforestation programmes on barren and wastelands which check soil erosion and conserve water received from rainfall and flowing rivers in the area. Fisheries have been developed in the reservoirs. The bigger size canals are often used for navigation and water gets distributed in the nearby rural settlements and urban centres.
These projects encourage growth of industries in the surrounding area. Hence, a multi-purpose project can usher development in the surrounding region. Our country is blessed with lots of rivers and other water bodies, which makes it a home to a number of river valley projects few of which are listed below
Bhakhra Nangal Project
Bhakhra Nangal project is a joint venture of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. It is India's biggest multi-purpose river valley project. It consists of a straight gravity dam across the Sutlej at Bhakhra that quotes and example of water management on scientific lines.
Damodar Valley Project
The Damodar Valley project was conceived for the unified development of irrigation, flood control and power generation in West Bengal and Jharkhand. This project has opened door for transportation and navigation through canals.
Indira Gandhi Canal
Indira Gandhi Canal is one of the biggest projects in the world, begun in 1958 as Rajasthan Canal. The effort is to bring irrigation to a desert area. The objectives of the project is agricultural produce, drought proofing, afforestation, employment, rehabilitation etc.
Hirakud Project
Hirakud project in Orissa is on Mahanadi river. It is the world's longest dam comprising of Hirakud, Tekarpada and Niraj dams. It has been helpful in resolving the problem of drought as well as flood in the affected areas.
Kakrapara Project
Kakrapara project in Gujarat is on the river Tapti, 80 km up stream Surat. It is being built by the Gujarat Government.
Nagarjun Sagar Project
Nagarjun Sagar project in Andhra Pradesh utilises the water of the Krishna river. It is situated near Nalgonda district. It is one of the largest networks of canal system. This colossal dam supplies water for irrigation to various districts.
Rihand Project
Rihand project comprises construction of a concrete gravity dam across the Rihand river in Mirzapur district, Uttar Pradesh and a power house at Pipri and necessary transmission lines.
Tungabhadra Project
Tungabhadra project is a joint undertaking by the Government of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka with three canals namely; Left Bank Canal, the Low Level Canal and the High Level Canal. It serves as source of irrigation electricity generation, flood control etc.
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some examples are
BHAKHRA NANGAL PROJECT
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DAMODAR VALLEY PROJECT
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INDRA GANDHI CANAL
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ETC
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