Question

Write a short note on National Emergency.

Answer 1

SHORT note ON national EMERGENCY

 ◆ A nation is an entity that holds a number of lives together, and in times of emergency a nation either stands together or perishes. History has taught us that much repeatedly.

The framers of the Constitution were conscious of this reality, which is why they inserted the provision for the proclamation of emergency by the President of India under Article 352.

Article 352 provides for the proclamation of emergency if there is a war or armed rebellion. This proclamation can be made before the war or armed rebellion breaks out. Besides, financial emergency can also be declared by the President if national economy becomes unstable.

Answer 2

Short note on National Emergency is as follows:

• There are three types of emergencies defined under The Indian Constitution. National Emergency is one of them.
• This is mentioned under Article 352. Initially, it could be invoked if there is "external aggression or war" or "internal disturbance" in the entire nation.
• But after 44th amendment act 1978, National Emergency can only be invoked when there is an "External aggression or war" or there is "armed rebellion".
• Such emergency can be only imposed by the president himself, that also on if there is a written request by the council of ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
• During times of emergencies like this all the executive, legislative and financial power stays with the center.
• It has been imposed only three times in the Country -  in 1962 at time of Chinese aggression, in 1971 during the indo-pak war, in 1975 on the grounds of internal disturbances.