write a short note on October revolution of Russia
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The October Revolution refers to the seizing of power in Russia by the Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Leon Trotsky. The Bolsheviks overthrew the Russian Provisional Government led by Alexander Kerensky. The revolution started on November 7 (October 25o.s.), 1917.
The Bolshevik insurgents faced little or no opposition.[1] The insurrection was timed and organized to hand state power to the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, which began on 25 October. After a single day of revolution eighteen people had been arrested and two had been killed. The Bolsheviks captured telegraph and telephone offices, railway stations, newspaper offices and government institutions. The insurrection was carried out by Red Guards (armed workers), sailors from the Baltic fleet, and revolutionary sections of the army.
The October Revolution inspired a revolutionary wave across the world, including the Hungarian revolution, the German revolution of 1918-1919, and the Chinese revolution of 1925-27.
October Revolution:
Lenin returned from exile and organised a socialist seizure of power by Military Revolutionary Committee under Leon Troskii. It was timed with the all Russian Congress of Soviet of Workers and Soldiers on Oct. 23, 1917.
The date of the event was kept a secret. Sensing trouble, the Provisional Government under Kerensky seized two Bolshevik buildings. In a swift response the Military Revolutionary Committee within few hours seized every strategic point in Petrograd.
i. The Navy played a significant role in the assault of the Winter Palace.
ii. The Provisional Government at Winter Palace was put under arrest.
iii. Kerensky however escaped.
Uprisings and heavy fighting followed.
By December the Bolsheviks controlled the Moscow Petrograd area. Lenin's success was received with a standing ovation.
The immediate effect of the October Revolution was power passed into the hands of the Bolsheviks under Lenin.
By adoption of Decree of Peace, Government withdrew from World War I and signed the treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany. Russia lost many of her territories. The Decree of Land abolished private property in land and declared land state property.
Russia unilaterally renounced all unequal treaties which the Tsar's government had imposed on countries such as China, Iran and Afghanistan.
The right of all people to equality and self determination was proclaimed. Russia became the first socialist state of the world.
The October Revolution led by Lenin was supported by Bolsheviks, Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers, Military Revolutionary Committee and the Navy. The October Revolution led to the establishment of the first Communist Regime under the Bolsheviks.