Geography, asked by achu916, 3 months ago

write a short note on physiographic divisions of india. ( pls explain each divisions )

Answers

Answered by meenukutti37
1

India is divided into six physiographic divisions on basis of the varied physiographic features: units as follows: Northern and North-eastern Mountain; Northern Plain; Peninsular Plateau; Indian Desert; Coastal Plains; and Islands.

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Answered by ammu01022007
1

Answer:

India is divided into six physiographic divisions on basis of the varied physiographic features: units as follows: Northern and North-eastern Mountain; Northern Plain; Peninsular Plateau; Indian Desert; Coastal Plains; and Islands.

Explanation:

Summary on the Physiography of India

1. The Geological Structure of India is very diverse because an Indian rock belongs to different geologic periods, dating as far back as the Eoarchean Era. Its geographical land area can be classified into Archaean System; Dharwar System, Cuddapah System; Vindhyan System; Gondwana System, Deccan Trap; Tertiary System; Quarternary System.

2. India is located latitudinally in the Northern Hemisphere and longitudinally in the Eastern Hemisphere. It extends from 8°4′ north and 37°6′ North in length (latitudes). And between 68°7′ East and 97°25′ East in width (longitudes). Because of this great longitudinal extent, the difference in local time between the eastern and western extremes of our country is about two hours.

3. The local time along 82° 30’ E longitudes is taken as the standard time of India i.e. Indian Standard Time (IST). This meridian is known as the Standard Meridian of India. It has an area of 3.28 million square km. It is the seventh-largest country in the world. It accounts for nearly 2% of the world’s total area. It is situated in the northern hemisphere.

4. India has a coastline of 7516.6 km of total land frontier 15200 km and Tropic of Cancer passes almost through its middle crossing over the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

5. India lies largely on the Indian Plate, the northern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate, whose continental crust forms the Indian subcontinent Physical divisions, are marked by natural configuration. India is divided into six physiographic divisions on basis of the varied physiographic features: units as follows: Northern and North-eastern Mountain; Northern Plain; Peninsular Plateau; Indian Desert; Coastal Plains; and Islands.

6. The Himalayas are one of the youngest fold mountain ranges in the world of tectonic origin and comprise mainly sedimentary rocks. They stretch from the Indus River in the west to the Brahmaputra River in the east. It consists of three parallel ranges such as Himadri (Greater Himalayas), Himachal (Lesser Himalaya), and Shiwaliks (Outer Himalaya).

7. Himadri (Greater Himalayas): It has an average elevation of 6100m includes some of the highest peaks and some of the important passes like Jalep La in the Chumbi Valley in Sikkim and Shipki La in the Sutlej Valley. Mt. Everest or Sagarmatha, the highest peak of the world, lies in Nepal.

8. Himachal (Lesser Himalaya): It has an average height of 3700-4500 m. The important ranges are Dhauladhar, Pir Panjal, Nag Tibba and Musoorie. Important hill resorts are Shimla, Ranikhet, Almora, Nainital and Darjiiling Valley plains and ‘Doon or Doar’ are special features of this range bordering the outer Himalayas.

9. Shiwaliks (Outer Himalaya): It is recent origin with an average elevation of 900-1200 m, giving a hogback appearance with relatively steeper slope towards the south.

10. Trans Himalayan Zones lies to the North of the Great Himalayas bordering Tibet. Some important ranges of this zone are Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar. This is the largest snow field outside the polar region.

11. The Northern Plains are formed by the alluvial deposits brought by the rivers – the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. These plains extend approximately 3,200 km from the east to the west. The average width of these plains varies between 150-300 km. The maximum depth of alluvium deposits varies between 1,000-2,000 m. From the north to the south, these can be divided into three major zones: the Bhabar, the Tarai and the alluvial plains.

12. The Indian Desert is located to the north-west of the Aravali hills lies the Great Indian Desert. It is a land of undulating topography dotted with longitudinal dunes and barchans. This region receives low rainfall below 150 mm per year; hence, it has an arid climate with low vegetation cover. It is because of these characteristic features that this is also known as Marusthali.

13. The Plateau of India is roughly triangular in shape with its base parallel to the Ganga Valley and its apex pointing towards the southern tips of the country. It is hard old mass of igneous and metamorphic rocks being part of the tectonic plate called the Gondwanaland.

14. Peninsular Plateau is bordered by the Western Ghats in the west, Eastern Ghats in the east and the Satpura, Maikal range and Mahadeo hills in the north. Western Ghats are locally known by different names such as the Sahyadri in Maharashtra, Nilgiri hills in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and Anaimalai hills and Cardamom hills

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