Question

Write a short note on quit india movement about 100 words

Answer 1

The Quit India Movement, or the India August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British Rule of India.

The Cripps Mission had failed, and on August 8th 1942, Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Bombay at the Gowalia Tank Maidan. The All-India Congress Committee launched a mass protest demanding what Gandhi called "An Orderly British Withdrawal" from India. Even though it was wartime, the British were prepared to act. Almost the entire leadership of the Indian National Congress was imprisoned without trial within hours of Gandhi's speech. Most spent the rest of the war in prison and out of contact with the masses. The British had the support of the Viceroy's Council (which had a majority of Indians), of the All India Muslim League, the princely states, the Indian Imperial Police, the British Indian Army and the Indian Civil Service. Many Indian businessmen profiting from heavy wartime spending did not support the Quit India Movement. Many students paid more attention to Subhas Chandra Bose, who was in exile and supporting the Axis Powers. The only outside support came from the Americans, as President Franklin D. Roosevelt pressured Prime Minister Winston Churchill to give in to some of the Indian demands. The Quit India campaign was effectively crushed.The British refused to grant immediate independence, saying it could happen only after the war had ended.

Sporadic small-scale violence took place around the country and the British arrested tens of thousands of leaders, keeping them imprisoned until 1945. In terms of immediate objectives, Quit India failed because of heavy-handed suppression, weak co-ordination and the lack of a clear-cut programme of action. However, the British government realized that India was ungovernable in the long run due to the cost of World War II, and the question for postwar became how to exit gracefully and peacefully.

In 1992 Reserve Bank of India issued a 1 rupee commemorative coin to mark the Golden Jubilee of the Quit India Movement.

Answer 2

Answer:

• Quit India movement is also known as the India August Movement or August Kranti as it was officially launched  on 8 August 1942 by the Indian National Congress (INC) led by Mahatma Gandhi.

• The slogans of this movement was ‘Quit India’. Later on Gandhi gave the slogan to the people – ‘Do or die’.
• According to the ideology of INC, it was supposed to be a peaceful non-violent movement which aimed at urging the British Government to grant India independence.
• The Quit India  movement was leading by Mahatma Gandhi and its Resolution was passed by the Congress Working Committee on 8 August 1942 in Bombay.

The provisions of the movement were as follows:

• An immediate end to British rule over India as well as Formation of a provisional government of India after British withdrawal.

• A civil disobedience movement against British rule was declared.

The British government responded to the call by arresting all major Congress leaders which left the movement in the hands of the younger leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia.

The government's action turned this non-violence movement to violence in order to quell the agitation. They were mass floggings and lathi charges. Even women and children were not spared and about 10000 people died in police firing .

There was no communal violence but the INC was banned.