write a short note on razia sultan
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Radhiyah bint Iltutmish or popularly known as Razia Sultana (Persian: رَضِيَه سُلْطَان), known in Arabic: رَضِيَة بِنْت إِلْتُتْمِش; c. 1205 – 14 October 1240) was the empress regnant of the Delhi Sultanate from 10 October 1236 to 14 October 1240. A member of the Mamluk dynasty, she is known for being one of the few women in history to have ruled a large empire[1] and the first sovereign female ruler in both Islamic and Indian history.[2]
An efficient ruler, according to Persians historian Minhaj-i-Siraj, she was sagacious, just, beneficent, the patron of the learned, a dispenser of justice, the cherisher of her subjects, and of warlike talent, and endowed with all the admirable attributes and qualifications necessary for a monarch.
At the zenith of Razia's power, her empire included large parts of today's modern Pakistan, India and Bangladesh.
Razia's reign was going glorious and she ruled for almost 4 years but soon she was caught up in a conspiracy by her step brother Bahram shah and Malik Ikhtiar-ud-din Altunia the subedar of Bhatinda, together with the help of turkish nobles they planned to dethrone Razia , whom the nobles couldn't bear ruling Delhi as she was a woman.Razia fought the battle hard but unfortunately lost and was imprisoned, by Altunia , the subedar of Bhatinda. Some turkish nobles earlier joined Razia's name with Jamal-ud-din yakut a Abyssian slave with intention to ruin Razia's reputation among public .
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Answer:
Razia Sultan was born in year 1205 and her ruled the country from 1236-1240. Razia Sultan was the first Muslim woman who was involved in the throne of Delhi. She succeeded her father Shams-ud-din Iltutmish and turned into the Sultanate of Delhi in 1236.
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