History, asked by miscacc4349, 1 year ago

Write a short note on rise of napolean bonaparte

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Answered by SajibArche
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Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Corsica, an island nation near coast of France, which was invaded by French soldiers making them to accept French rule. In a very young age, his father got him a scholarship in Royal Military School in France.

Napoleon became as a Second Lieutenant of artillery after graduating. His tactics and skills in defeating the British at Toulon made him Brigadier General of the Republic. However, when the Directory came to power, Napoleon wife (Josephine) help him to gain the command of the Army of Italy, where he fought his incompetent army to successive victorious battle, thus forcing Austrian to sign the peace treaty, Napoleon himself dictated the terms and conditions of the treaty.

After success in Italy, it’s widespread his popularity among French people. He was later allowed by Directory to invade Egypt with 35000 thousand French soldiers. Egypt expedition did not go as planned, the barbaric Plague, the scorching hot weather, and British completely destroys anchored French fleet, made the Egypt expedition very difficult. However, when he heard that the Directory was losing its popularity, he abandoned his army, left for Paris to take advantage of the situation.

Napoleon returned to France when France was in turmoil. French really needed a Saviour, high debts, high inflation, tax evasions and increasing food prices ramped the economy. In 1799, the Directory was overthrown, and Napoleon was one of the three consuls of the new government. However, later, Napoleon outnumbered the other two members, and again rewrites the constitution, making himself First Counsel of French State. Napoleon said “the Revolution is over and then he added I am the Revolution”.

Napoleon soon returns back in “making war”. He was involved in various battles. As 1804 drew to its close, Napoleon Bonaparte was most feared and powerful figure in France. He wanted further to consolidate his rule and thus, decided to make himself an emperor. On December 2nd, 1804, Napoleon becomes First emperor of French.

In 1805, Napoleon planned to invade Britain, but Russian and Austrians threatened to march towards France. For everyone’s surprise, Napoleon ordered his Grande Army (The great army) to march in Europe. The Grande Army defeated the Russians and Austrians in the famous battle of Austerlitz. After that, Prussian threatened to declare war with France. Napoleon invaded Prussia and in few days brought Prussia to its knees. Moreover, Napoleonic forces followed the retreating Russian soldiers till Russia. This was one bloodiest battle in Europe history. Once Russian general said “it no longer wars, its butchery”. Thus, due to continuous losing battles, Russians finally agreed to sign peace with Napoleon in Treaty of Tilsit in 1807.

This was the time when Napoleon was at his height of power, his empire extend from North Sea to the Mediterranean, from the Atlantic sea till steps of Russia. He rules over 70 million people, the Dutch, German, Polish, Italian, and Austrian. He was most feared man in Europe, and no one could question his authority. “Ambitions are never content, he wrote, even on summit of greatness”.

However, in 1812, Russian broke the treaty of Alliance and join Britain to declare war against French. Napoleon invaded Russia with 600,000 soldiers, but Russian weather decimated his army, only 200,000 thousand return back to Paris. Seeing the defeat in Russian, other nations took advantage of this weak French army. They combined together in the Coalition of Ally forces and invaded French allies, and soon after a few wars they entered France. Napoleon fought harder to defeat them, but nothing went his way, even his general started to doubt him. Soon ally army entered Paris, and Napoleon was forced to abdicate his crown.

Napoleon was exiled to the Isle of Elba, an island in the Mediterranean Sea. He was stripped from emperor of France, and was granted a new one Emperor of Isle of Elba. But soon, he got bored in playing the role of the Emperor of Elba, he plotted his return. His escape from the island sneaked into France and become Emperor for the second time. He raised a new army in period know as Hundred Days.  However, in June 1815, the ally forces again defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. Napoleon abdicated for the second time, and this ally force did not make any mistake and exiled Napoleon to a remote area called “Saint Helena” in the South Atlantic ocean where he died in 1821.

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