write a short note on simon commission
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It was Government of India Act 1919 that announced that in 10 years from 1919, a royal commission will be set up to report on the working of the act. Read the points below to understand the background of the Simon Commission:
Diarchy was introduced in India by the Government of India Act 1919. The Act also promised that a commission would be appointed after 10 years to review the working and progress made on the measures taken through the Act.
The Indian people and leaders wanted a reform of the diarchy form of government.
The Conservative Party-led government in the UK feared a defeat at the hands of the Labour Party in the elections due, and so hastened the appointment of a commission in 1928 even though it was due only in 1929 as per the 1919 Act.
The Commission was composed entirely of British members with not a single Indian member being included in it. This was seen as an insult to Indians who were right in saying that their destiny could not be determined by a handful of British people.
The Secretary of State for India, Lord Birkenhead had berated Indians on account of their perceived inability to formulate a concrete scheme of reforms through consensus among all sections of the Indian political scene.
Lord Birkenhead was responsible for setting up the Commission.
Clement Atlee was a member of the Commission. He would later become Britain’s Prime Minister during Indian independence and partition in 1947.
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One of the elements that led to the civil disobedience movement was the Simon Commission. In November of 1927, this commission was formed.
The Simon Commission is named after Sir John Simon, the commission's chairman. The British government created the commission to look into the necessity for more constitutional modifications. There were seven British members on the commission, but no Indians. This was interpreted as a purposeful attempt to lower Indians' self-esteem.