Write a short note on social life of ancient Chinese civilization ?
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Answer:
The ancient Chinese had lived in primitive villages, and were mainly farmers or hunters. Many villages were surrounded by a strong wall to protect the village from enemy attacks. The land in which the farmers worked was owned by the emperor and the nobility. The farmers, who were also called peasants, rented the land paying for its use by various services such as working on the nobles land or entering war.
Many ancient Chinese never let left the village they were born in. there were public wells for drawing water and a local meeting place would be held in a courtyard. There were markets in each village in which farmers sold their livestock, vegetables and fruit. Family life was the heart of society in Ancient China. Events such as births and weddings were widely celebrated by the entire village.
The men and women in each village worked together farming. An important and crucial task the villagers shared were digging ditches, so the water would run from the canals to the field and crops in which they would be watered.
Farmers used oxen and water buffalo to pull ploughs wagons and carts. The common farm animals in that time were pigs and chickens. This is because there weren’t enough large “farm” animals to provide manure, instead human faeces were used to fertilise the crops.
Leadership and politics:
Ancient China was ruled by emperors. According to historical evidence, it was thought that the emperor’s authority to rule was granted from heaven, in which each emperor was called the “son of heaven” when an emperor lost power/authority, it was believed that he had committed something wrong according to the heavens.
The emperors generally lived a different life than the ordinary people. They owned all the land, in which great parts of it were given to the nobles. They lived in abundant wealth, surrounded by their many wives’s, servants and cooks. A constant stream of entertainment consisting of artists, singers, musicians and dancers were at his command.
No one was permitted to approach or speak first to the emperor. People had to bow and kneel in his presence, showing the upmost respect.
Although it was a luxurious lifestyle, it was an isolated existence as well. Emperors rarely left their places. On very rare occasions, the emperor would leave his palace grounds, although the roads were blocked and the emperor was carried in a enclosed carriage.
Governors and officials assisted the emperor in the smooth running of Ancient China. Governors were based in diverse regions throughout Ancient China where they administered and imposed laws of the emperor of the day. They collected taxes. Governors were also involved in management of farming and they supported the development of new farming methods. Some officials were based in the palaces of the emperors, assisting in simple chores such as cleaning and even keeping the emperor informed on what is going on.
The most important officials for the emperor were his eunuchs. Eunuchs were men who had been castrated when they were small boys. This is because as they were brought up in the palace and worked with the emperor, they posed no sexual threat to him. In which allowing the emperors bloodline to continue. Eunuchs worked as the emperor’s cooks, tailors and cleaners.ÂÂ They also looked after the emperors children. Sometimes eunuchs became powerful within the palace, they became entrusted by the emperor.
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