Write a short note on the following Nuclear policy
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Answer:
India previously possessed chemical weapons, but voluntarily destroyed its entire stockpile in 2009 — one of the seven countries to meet the OPCW extended deadline. India maintains a "no first use" nuclear policy and has developed a nuclear triad capability as a part of its "minimum credible deterrence" doctrine.
After Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, the nuclear program was consolidated when physicist Raja Ramanna joined the efforts. Another nuclear test by China eventually led to India's decision toward building nuclear weapons in 1967 and conducted its first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, in 1974.
India is a nuclear power and certainly matters globally. On conducting its first nuclear test in 1974 and then again in 1998, India declared itself nuclear weapons state. Pt. Nehru was against nuclear weapons and wanted India to play an important role in bringing about the elimination of nuclear weapons and thus pleaded for comprehensive nuclear disarmament. However, in looking into the geopolitical compulsions like the presence of a nuclear neighbor, that is, China, with the history of Chinese aggression, India was compelled to balance the power equation and, thus, was guided by its national security interests to go ahead with nuclear tests declaring them as necessary evils.
India is not a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) or the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) owing to its discriminatory nature and yet a nuclear weapons state despite its commitment to the worldwide elimination of nuclear weapons. The Indian nuclear posture has always been rooted in ambiguity and has been a point of discussion. Soon after India declared itself a nuclear weapon state, Pakistan soon followed it and conducted nuclear tests, much to the condemnation of the international community. Sanctions were imposed on both India and Pakistan, which were later waived of. India has also operationalized its ‘nuclear triad’ in 2013 with the nuclear submarine INS Arihant likely to be commissioned in 2014; it has successfully tested its first ICBM, the Agni V, etc.
However, India continues to stick to its nuclear policy guided by the principle of ‘no first use’ and reiterates the country’s commitment to global, verifiable and non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament leading to a nuclear-weapons-free world.
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