Write a short note on the refugee problem in india after partition 1947
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Answer:
Refugees in India refers to the history of refugees in India. The country has seen large influx of refugee populations throughout history.
While it has not signed the 1951 Refugee Convention, the Government of India has recognized immigrants from Tibet and Sri Lanka as refugees in the past, providing free education and some identification documentation to the former,[1] while the latter have been provided access to the local education system, welfare benefits and housing in government-funded camps in the two most southern states of India since the 1980s up until the early 2000s.[2] In 2019, the government also reduced the residency requirements for Non-Muslim illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan from twelve years to six years
Explanation:
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Answer:
Whenever one hears the word ‘refugee’, there are many terms and phrases that spring to mind—‘human rights’, ‘mass exodus’, ‘violence’, ‘national security’, etc.
A refugee is defined as “a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence as a result of such events, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it".
This definition is given by the Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, a crucial treaty in international refugee law. The treaty entered into force approximately half a century ago on 4 October 1967 and 146 countries are parties to the protocol.
India in its 70 years as an independent nation-state has seen its fair share of refugee problems. And of course, it started with Partition itself.
The refugee of Partition
Though people who crossed over the newly formed boundaries between India and Pakistan—by choice or forcibly—didn’t lose their nationalities, they were still forced to live the lives of a refugee. Refugee camps across north India served as homes for those who had borne the brunt of Partition.
Since these refugees were automatically the citizens of newly independent India, the question of a threat to national security due to their presence was out of the question. But at this juncture, when the fledgling state was just trying to stand on its feet and struggling to provide these refugees with basic amenities like food, clothing and shelter, the 1948 war with Pakistan broke out.
The national capital of Delhi in particular saw a huge influx of refugees. The numbers were such that an entire city—Faridabad—had to be built to rehabilitate refugees who were living in appalling conditions in various camps. The scale of the problem was an unprecedented challenge for the young government, and it was only through the efforts of many—including, notably, the social reformer and freedom fighter Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay—that the rehabilitation of the Partition refugees could be carried out.
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