Write a short note on the soils if India.
Answers
Answer:
There are six soil deposits in India. They are Alluvial soil, Black soil or regur, Red soil, Laterite soil, Desert or Arid soil, and Forest and mountainous soil. These soils are formed by the sediments brought down by the rivers. They are also rich in chemical ingredients.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Types of soil: Alluvial Soil, Black Cotton Soil, Red Soil, Laterite Soil, Mountainous or Forest Soils, Arid or Desert Soil,
Explanation:
The alluvial soil : occurs mainly in the Satluj- Ganga- Brahmaputra Plains. They are also found in the valleys of the Narmada, Tapi, and the Eastern and Western coastal plains. These soils are mainly derived from the debris brown from the Himalayas. This soil has potash deficiency. The color of soil varies from light grey to ash. This soil is suited for Rice, maize, wheat, sugarcane, oilseeds, etc.
Red soil: This soil is also known as the omnibus group. The presence of ferric oxides makes the colour of soil red. They are mainly found in the Peninsula from Tamil Nadu in the south to Bundelkhand in the north and Raj Mahal in the east to Kathiawad in the west. This soil is good for the cultivation of wheat, cotton, pulses, tobacco, millets, orchards, potato and oilseeds.
Black soil : is also known as cotton soil and internationally it is known as Regur soil. This stretch over the parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Western parts of Madhya Pradesh, North- Western Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand up to Raj Mahal hills. The soil is rich in iron, lime, calcium, potash, magnesium, and aluminum. It has high water retaining capacity and good for cotton cultivation, Tobacco, citrus fruits, castor.
Desert soil: This soil is deposited by wind action and mainly found in the arid and semi-arid areas like Rajasthan, West of the Aravallis, Northern Gujarat, Saurashtra, Kachchh, Western parts of Haryana and southern part of Punjab. They are sandy with low organic matter. It has low soluble salts and moisture with very low retaining capacity. These are suitable for less water-intensive crops like Bajra, pulses, fodder.
Laterite soil: These soft, when they are wet and ‘hard and cloddy’ on drying. These are found mainly in the hills of the Western Ghats, Raj Mahal hills, Eastern Ghats, Satpura, Vindhya, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, North Cachar Hills and the Garo hills. These are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, lime and potash. This soil is suitable for the cultivation of rice, ragi, sugarcane, and cashew nuts.
Mountain soil: These soils have less developed soil profile and are mainly found in the valleys and hill slopes of the Himalayas. These soils are immature and dark brown. This soil has very low humus and it is acidic. The orchards, fodder, legumes are grown in this soil.