Physics, asked by shravanishinde2976, 8 months ago

write a short note on:
Type of stem cells.
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Answers

Answered by rithveyshvilluri
1
  1. Ok i will help you
  2. Different types of stem cell
  3. There are three main types of stem cell: embryonic stem cells. adult stem cells. induced pluripotent stem cells
  4. Different types of stem cell
  5. There are three main types of stem cell:
  6. embryonic stem cells
  7. adult stem cells
  8. induced pluripotent stem cells
  9. Embryonic stem cells
  10. Embryonic stem cells supply new cells for an embryo? as it grows and develops into a baby.
  11. These stem cells are said to be pluripotent, which means they can change into any cell in the body.
  12. Adult stem cells
  13. Adult stem cells supply new cells as an organism grows and to replace cells that get damaged.
  14. Adult stem cells are said to be multipotent, which means they can only change into some cells in the body, not any cell, for example:
  15. Blood (or 'haematopoietic') stem cells can only replace the various types of cells in the blood.
  16. Skin (or 'epithelial') stem cells provide the different types of cells that make up our skin and hair.
  17. Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells
  18. An illustration showing different types of stem cell in the body.
  19. Image credit: Genome Research Limited  
  20. Induced pluripotent stem cells
  21. Induced pluripotent stem cells, or ‘iPS cells’, are stem cells that scientists make in the laboratory.
  22. ‘Induced’ means that they are made in the lab by taking normal adult cells, like skin or blood cells, and reprogramming them to become stem cells.
  23. Just like embryonic stem cells, they are pluripotent so they can develop into any cell type.
  24.  Induced pluripotent stem cells
  25. A scientist here at the Wellcome Genome Campus working on induced pluripotant stem cells.
  26. Image credit: Genome Research Limited
  27. Why are stem cells useful?
  28. Stem cells have several uses including:
  29. research – to help us understand the basic biology of how living things work and what happens in different types of cell during disease.
  30. therapy – to replace lost or damaged cells that our bodies can’t replace naturally.
  31. Stem cell research
  32. Research is looking to better understand the properties of stem cells so that we can:
  33. understand how our bodies grow and develop
  34. find ways of using stem cells to replace cells or tissues? that have been damaged or lost.
  35. We can use stem cells to study how cells become specialised for specific functions in the body, and what happens when this process goes wrong in disease.
  36. If we understand stem cell development, we may be able to replicate this process to create new cells, tissues and organs?.
  37. We can grow tissue and organ structures from stem cells, which can then be studied to find out how they function and how they are affected by different drugs?.
  38. Beating heart cells
  39. These heart cells were grown from stem cells in a petri dish and can be used to study the beating rhythm of the heart.  
  40. Image credit: The McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network
  41. Stem cell therapy
  42. Cells, tissues and organs can sometimes be permanently damaged or lost by disease, injury and genetic conditions?.
  43. Stem cells may be one way of generating new cells that can then be transplanted into the body to replace those that are damaged or lost.
  44. Adult stem cells are currently used to treat some conditions, for example:
  45. Blood stem cells are used to provide a source of healthy blood cells for people with some blood conditions, such as thalassaemia, and cancer patients who have lost their own blood stem cells during treatment.
  46. Skin stem cells can be used to generate new skin for people with severe burns.
  47. Some people with age-related macular degeneration lose their sight because cells in the retina? of the eye called retinal pigment epitheliumcells stop working.
  48. Scientists are using induced pluripotent stem cells to produce new RPE cells in the lab that can then be put into a patient’s eye to replace the damaged cells.
  49. Stem cell treatment

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