write a short note on universities and humanism (ans should be of cbse class 11)
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Answer:
The fourteenth and fifteenth century saw a revival of the Greek and Roman cultures. This bygone era of the Greek and Roman cultures is referred to as the era of classicism. Classicism as a philosophical discipline was expressed in literature, arts, music and architecture during the period of Renaissance.
The focus of this classical revivalism was human beings .It advocated the principle of dignity of man as man. Human life was no longer regarded as a halting point for achievement of eternity but as an end in itself.
To unearth this philosophy, all lost ancient Latin manuscripts were translated into the language of the masses. Other than literature, Italian artists found inspiration in the old art and sculptures. The use of columns in architecture and bronze casting in sculpture also reflects the revival of classicism
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Humanism was characterised by lots of creativity and interest in the Arts and Humanities brought about by increased scientific knowledge, a renewed approach to ancient Greek-Latin texts, as well as to thorough consideration of the art of governance, or what might make a modern and open education possible.Humanists were painters, architects, philosophers, philologists, scientists, travellers. The publica-tion of ancient, learned texts (Pythagoras, Euclid, Archimedes, Plato, Aristotle, the Ovid’s meta-morphoses, Virgil, Titus Livy, Tacit, Titus Livy) and the books of the Bible, broadened their outlook and inventiveness. Humanists were committed to a rational approach leading to academic initia-tives. These included, for example, how to deal with perspective in painting, which changed the art of landscape painting; or the development of geometry and its application to architecture. It also involved a serious rethink about the exercising of power, under what conditions, how to define National interest.
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