Write a short note on village administration during the early medival period
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According to Apastamba Dharma Sutra, state officials (Adhyaksas or Adhipals) were to be appointed by the kings for towns and villages with well-defined jurisdictions. In Visnu Smrti, it is written that a chain of officials is to be placed by the king in charge of 1, 10, and 100 villages as well as of the whole rural area. According to Kautilya, three tiers of officials were to be in charge of the rural as well as the urban areas. The Samaharta or the Pradesta was in charge of the janpada or the rural area. Each of its four divisions was entrusted to a Sthanika, and units of five or ten villages were in charge of Gopas.
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The Samaharta or the Pradesta was in command of the janpada or the provincial area. Each of its four municipalities was consigned to a Sthanika, and members of five or ten villages were in administration of Gopas. The officers were essentially concerned with the assurance of the lives and property of the citizens.
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