write a speech on CAB bill 2019
Answers
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 was passed by the Parliament of India on 11 December 2019. It amended the Citizenship Act of 1955 by providing a path to Indian citizenship for Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian religious minorities that had fled persecution from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan before December 2014.[2] Muslims were not given such eligibility.[3][4] The act was the first time religion had been overtly used as a criterion for citizenship under Indian law.[5]
Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019
Emblem of India.svg
Parliament of India
Long title
An Act further to amend the Citizenship Act, 1955.
Citation
Act No. 47 of 2019
Enacted by
Lok Sabha
Passed
10 December 2019
Enacted by
Rajya Sabha
Passed
11 December 2019
Assented to
12 December 2019
Signed
12 December 2019
Signed by
Ram Nath Kovind
President of India
Effective
Not yet; to be notified
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Explanation:
The country is witnessing an unprecedented debate on CAB with the government trying to reassure people that there is nothing to be afraid of for any Indian citizen of any denomination. The opposition, on the other hand, is painting the bill as a draconian instrument that goes against the secular credentials of the country and targets the Muslim community in particular. The Home Minister’s speeches in both houses of the parliament were perhaps a master class for any debate in the parliament and would qualify among the finest witnessed in the last seventy-two years. The opposition, in contrast, has not been as convincing and therefore they have relied more on public rhetoric and fear mongering rather than a more balanced assessment of the bill.
Citizenship of a country grants an individual civil and political rights in that country. Articles 5 to 8 of the Indian Constitution govern the conditions under which an individual can get Indian citizenship. Article 9 governs the conditions when the same can be revoked. Article 10 gives the right for the continuation of the citizenship and Article 11 gives the government the authority to make rules related to citizenship. The Citizenship Act of 1955 was enacted by the parliament under Article 11 of the constitution. This bill lays down the applicability of the Indian citizenship based on birth, descent, registration and naturalisation. It also foresees the future by adding a clause about the grant of citizenship to people who may be part of a territory that India may add or annexe in future.
The bill of 1955 bars illegal migrants from acquiring Indian citizenship. An illegal migrant is a foreigner who enters the country without valid travel documents, like a passport and visa, or enters with valid documents, but stays beyond the permitted time period. However, governments in the past have made exceptions by acts of parliament, under Article 11 of the constitution, to grant citizenship to such migrants. Grant of citizenship to over 150,000 Tamil migrants from Sri Lanka in 1974, by Rajiv Gandhi government, is one such example.
The 2019 bill (CAB), which is applicable to all states and Union territories with exceptions as may be applicable, seeks to amends the Citizenship Act, 1955 to make illegal migrants who may be Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, eligible for Indian citizenship. It has reduced the minimum residency period in India to seven years from the earlier twelve years to apply for citizenship. The bill includes a provision to cancel the registration of Overseas Citizen of India (OIC) in case they violate any law. In principle, there is no controversy on the OIC issue except that it is a bit vague since it does not list out specific crimes.