write a speech on Jaliawalabagh massarce
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The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919 when troops of the British Indian Army under the command of Colonel Reginald Dyer fired rifles into a crowd of Indians, who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab.The civilians had assembled for a peaceful protest to condemn the arrest and deportation of two national leaders, Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew. Raja Ram has argued however, that the Proclamation was ineffective, the crowd formed in deliberate defiance and the event signals a beginning of Indian nationalism.On Sunday, 13 April 1919, Dyer was convinced of a major insurrection and he banned all meetings; however this notice was not widely disseminated. That was the day of Baisakhi, the main Sikh festival, and many villagers had gathered in the Bagh. On hearing that a meeting had assembled at Jallianwala Bagh, Dyer went with Sikh, Gurkha, Baluchi, Rajput troops from 2-9th Gurkhas, the 54th Sikhs and the 59th Sind Rifles. They entered the garden, blocking the main entrance after them, took up position on a raised bank, and on Dyer's orders fired on the crowd for about ten minutes, directing their bullets largely towards the few open gates through which people were trying to flee, until the ammunition supply was almost exhausted. Dyer stated that approximately 1,650 rounds had been fired, a number apparently derived by counting empty cartridge cases picked up by the troops.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre is also famous by the name Amritsar massacre as it was happened in the Amritsar city of the Punjab state. It has been added as a very bad event to the history of India happened during the British rule of India. It was happened on 13th of April in 1919, when a big crowd of common people (Baishakhi pilgrims) including non-violent protesters was gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh public garden in the Amritsar, Punjab. Common public (Sikh religion) were gathered (in spite of curfew declared) to celebrate their most famous festival, Baisakhi, whereas non violent protesters were gathered for protesting the arrest of two leaders of Indian Independence Movement (Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew) by the British government.
On 11th of April Brigadier General R.E.H. Dyer had reached there from the Jalandhar Cantonment and taken the town under his control. He ordered his forces to take action and fire on the big crowd continuously for ten minutes. They were firing very offensively towards the gates so that people cannot get out of the place and came in front of their bullets. It was informed that the number of dead people was around 370 to 1000 or even more. This violence behavior of the British government made the shocked and surprised. After this movement people lost their faith in the intentions of Britain which led to the Non-cooperation movement of the 1920–22.
A big revolt was believed by the British Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab to be possible in the Amritsar at Jallianwala Bagh where more than 15,000 people were gathered to celebrate festival. Amritsar massacre was as a response to end and suppress the schemes of leader of Indian independence movement. There was protest by the Indian independence movement leaders at the residence of Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar on 10th of April in 1919 demanding for the release of two most popular Indian Independence Movement leaders named Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew who were arrested by the British government and planned to move to some secret location. A big crowd was attacked by the British forces in this protest. Both of the leaders named Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew had supported Mahatma Gandhi in the Satyagraha movement.
On 11th of April, an English missionary teacher, Miss Marcella Sherwood was caught by the mob and beaten. She was later saved by some local Indians including father of her pupil. The revolt was continue in the city of Amritsar during which railway lines were cut, government offices, buildings burnt, telegraph posts destroyed and etc. As a result of the revolt, Punjab was declared to put under martial law by the British government by 13th of April during which civil liberties, freedom of meetings, gatherings of crowd (crowd of more than 4 people was banned) became totally restricted by the legislation.