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Article On Hubble Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope is a large telescope in space. It was launched into orbit by space shuttle Discovery on April 24, 1990. Hubble orbits about 547 kilometers (340 miles) above Earth. It is the length of a large school bus and weighs as much as two adult elephants. Hubble travels about 5 miles per second: That is like traveling from the eastern coast of the United States to the western coast in 10 minutes. Hubble is solar-powered. Hubble takes sharp pictures of objects in the sky such as planets, stars and galaxies. Hubble has made more than one million observations. These include detailed pictures of the birth and death of stars, galaxies billions of light years away, and comet pieces crashing into Jupiter's atmosphere.
Where Did the Name Hubble Come From? Hubble is named after an American astronomer, Edwin P. Hubble. He made important discoveries in the early 1900s. He showed that the galaxy containing the solar system -- the Milky Way -- was only one of many galaxies. His work helped show that the universe is expanding. This led to the big-bang theory, which says that the universe began with an intense burst of energy and has been expanding ever since.
What Instruments Are on Hubble? Hubble has five scientific instruments which include cameras and spectrographs. A spectrograph is an instrument that splits light into its individual wavelengths.
What Are Hubble's Most Important Discoveries? Images taken by Hubble have helped scientists estimate the age and size of the universe. Scientists believe the universe is almost 14 billion years old. Hubble has helped scientists understand how planets and galaxies form. An image called "Hubble Ultra Deep Field" shows the farthest galaxies ever seen. Hubble has detected black holes, which suck in everything around them, including light. The telescope has played a key role in the discovery of dark energy, a mysterious force that causes the universe to expand faster and faster as time goes on. And it has revealed details of gamma-ray bursts -- powerful explosions of energy that occur when massive stars collapse. Hubble has also studied the atmospheres of planets revolving around stars similar to Earth’s sun.
What Is the Future of Hubble? Hubble turned 30 years old in 2020. Engineers designed Hubble so that it could be repaired and upgraded as needed. Since the telescope's launch, five space shuttle missions have carried astronauts to Hubble to repair and upgrade it. The last mission was in 2009. Hubble was upgraded so that it is better than ever. The telescope will not be repaired or upgraded again. But, it is expected to continue to work past 2020.
- By Abhishek Sharma
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