Write a table showing all the digestive glands, digestive juice, and it's functions.
Answers
Answer:
How do digestive juices in each organ of the GI tract break down food?
Digestive juices contain enzymes—substances that speed up chemical reactions in the body—that break food down into different nutrients.
SALIVARY GLANDS
Saliva produced by the salivary glands moistens food so it moves more easily through the esophagus into the stomach. Saliva also contains an enzyme that begins to break down the starches from food.
GLANDS IN THE STOMACH LINING
The glands in the stomach lining produce stomach acid and an enzyme that digests protein.
PANCREAS
The pancreas produces a juice containing several enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in food. The pancreas delivers digestive juice to the small intestine through small tubes called ducts.
LIVER
The liver produces a digestive juice called bile. The gallbladder stores bile between meals. When a person eats, the gallbladder squeezes bile through the bile ducts, which connect the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine. The bile mixes with the fat in food. The bile acids dissolve fat into the watery contents of the intestine, much like how detergents dissolve grease from a frying pan, so the intestinal and pancreatic enzymes can digest the fat molecules.
SMALL INTESTINE
Digestive juice produced by the small intestine combines with pancreatic juice and bile to complete digestion. The body completes the breakdown of proteins, and the final breakdown of starches produces glucose molecules that absorb into the blood. Bacteria in the small intestine produce some of the enzymes needed to digest carbohydrates
Explanation:
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Answer:
1. Salivary glands:
Three pairs of salivary glands are present.
They are the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands.
Saliva and its fuctions:
The salivary glands secrete saliva which is a viscous fluid.
The saliva of man is a viscous, colorless, cloudy, and opalescent liquid.
2. Gastric glands:
The wall of the stomach has various gastric glands.
They are simple or branched tubular glands.
About 2-3 litres of gastric juice is secreted daily by these gastric glands in adults.
3. Liver:
It is the largest gland of the body.
It generally weighs about 1.6 kg.
It is chocolate colored and is located just behind the diaphragm on the right side of the upper abdominal cavity.
4. Pancreas:
The pancreas is an elongated and yellowish gland.
It is located behind the stomach lying horizontally in the curvature of duodenum.
It is about 12-15cm long and 2.5 cm wide and weighs about 60gms.
5. Intestinal glands:
They are numerous, microscopic glands present in the mucosa of small intestine.
They are of two types i.e. crypts of Lieberkuhn and Brunner’s glands.
Explanation:
Digestive Juice
1. Saliva:
Characteristics:
Total Amount – 1,200 -1,500 ml in 24 hours. A large proportion of this 24-hour volume is secreted at meal time, when secretory rate is highest.
2. Gastric Juice:
Composition:
The average composition of human gastric juice is as follows:
1. Water – 99.45%.
2. Total Solids – 0.55%.
Characteristics:
i. Total Quantity – About 500 -1,000 ml per meal (1,200 ml -1,500 ml per day).
ii. Reaction – Strongly acid.
iii. Free HCI – -0.4 -0.5%
iv. Total Acidity – – 0.45 – 0.6%. It includes free HCI, as well as HCI combined with proteins.
3. Pancreatic Juice:
Characteristics:
i. Total Quantity – About 500 ml per meal. About 1,500 ml in 24 hours.
ii. Reaction – Alkaline.
iii. Specific Gravity – 1.010 to 1.030
iv. pH – 8.0 – 8.3 (in dog).
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