write about cud chewing (ruminants) write the process
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The food that thr ruminants swallow hurriedly first goes to the largest chamber thr rumen. here it is partially digested and is called cud. it thr. goes to the second chamber or reticulum from where it is returned to the mouth again for thorough chewing and then swallowed again. it now bypasses the first two chambers and enters the third chamber the omasum. here it is broken into small peices.. the food then enters the fouth chamber or abomasum. here a kind of gastric juice containing an enzyme and hydrochloric acid that is secreated and the process of the digestion ends. the undigested food then passes through the large intesine and then is egested from the body.
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Ruminants do not completely chew the food they eat, but just ingest as much they can or want and then swallow the food. This is actually an adaptation by which these animals have evolved to spend as little time as possible feeding so that they aren’t hunted down by any predators while they are eating. They can later go to a safe environment to completely digest the food they have eaten.
From here, the food moves on to the rumen. This is the first chamber of the stomach which also happens to be the largest. The food is stored here for a while and only partially digested, mostly when the animal is resting.
There are some bacteria and microorganisms in the rumen which produce the cellulase required to digest that cellulose which is so hard to process. Once the plant fibers have been broken down to provide vitamins, proteins, and organic acids, the nutrients are absorbed into the animal’s bloodstream. Coarse plants are sent further into the next chamber for further digestion. Here is where the further bacterial action takes place and the food is formed into soft chunks called the cud.
This cud produced is regurgitated back into the animal’s mouth where they can be chewed again. The saliva of the cow greatly aids in digesting the cud. After chewing, the food bypasses the two chambers of the stomach and directly enters the third chamber. The walls of the 3rd chamber mash and compact the food up much further, and then pass it to the fourth chamber – the abomasum. The final digestion of the stomach is done here and then passed to the intestine.
OR
Ruminants do not completely chew the food they eat, but just ingest as much they can or want and then swallow the food. This is actually an adaptation by which these animals have evolved to spend as little time as possible feeding so that they aren’t hunted down by any predators while they are eating. They can later go to a safe environment to completely digest the food they have eaten.
From here, the food moves on to the rumen. This is the first chamber of the stomach which also happens to be the largest. The food is stored here for a while and only partially digested, mostly when the animal is resting.
There are some bacteria and microorganisms in the rumen which produce the cellulase required to digest that cellulose which is so hard to process. Once the plant fibers have been broken down to provide vitamins, proteins, and organic acids, the nutrients are absorbed into the animal’s bloodstream. Coarse plants are sent further into the next chamber for further digestion. Here is where the further bacterial action takes place and the food is formed into soft chunks called the cud.
This cud produced is regurgitated back into the animal’s mouth where they can be chewed again. The saliva of the cow greatly aids in digesting the cud. After chewing, the food bypasses the two chambers of the stomach and directly enters the third chamber. The walls of the 3rd chamber mash and compact the food up much further, and then pass it to the fourth chamber – the abomasum. The final digestion of the stomach is done here and then passed to the intestine.
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Ruminants or Cud-chewing animals get their nutrition from plants.
The plant material they eat, are fermented with the help of their four-chambered, specialised stomach. This fermentation is achieved by regurgitating the chewed food (known as Cud) a few times and processing through the four chambers of the stomach. This process is called Rumination.
A Ruminant’s stomach has four chambers viz., Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum and Abomasum. Fermentation starts in the Rumen and Reticulum from where the partly digested food is passed on to Omasum and Abomasum for further digestion and absorption of nutrients.
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