Science, asked by samiksha666, 5 months ago

write about human body parts , organs doing their functions, heart , brain , liver, everything

point wise​

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Answered by shreegnana532
0

Answer:

Some of the easily recognisable internal organs and their associated functions are:

The brain. The brain is the control centre of the nervous system and is located within the skull. ...

The lungs. ...

The liver. ...

The bladder. ...

The kidneys. ...

The heart. ...

The stomach. ...

The intestines.

Explanation:

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Basic Body Structure and Organization

Organ Systems of the Human Body

Organ Systems and Organs

Before one can understand how xenobiotics affect these different body components, it's important to understand normal body components and how they function. For this reason, this section provides a basic overview of anatomy and physiology as it relates to toxicity mechanisms.

Basic Body Structure and Organization

We can think of the basic structure and functional organization of the human body as a pyramid or hierarchical arrangement in which the lowest level of organization (the foundation) consists of cells and chemicals. Organs and organ systems represent the highest levels of the body's organization (Figure 1).

Diagram of a six-layer pyramid to represent the hierarchical organization of human body components into the following, from bottom layer to top: chemicals, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organism.

Figure 1. Pyramid represents a hierarchical organization of human body components

(Image Source: NLM)

Simplified definitions of the various levels of organization within the body are:

Organ system — a group of organs that contribute to specific functions within the body. Examples include:

Gastrointestinal system

Nervous system

Organ — a group of tissues precisely arranged so that they can work together to perform specific functions. Examples include:

Liver

Brain

Tissue — a group of cells with similar structure and function. There are only four types of tissues:

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

Nerve

Cell — the smallest living units in the body. Examples include:

Hepatocyte

Neuron

Chemicals — atoms or molecules that are the building blocks of all matter. Examples include:

Oxygen

Protein

In the animation, an image of each level of structural organization of the body is displayed, beginning with chemicals, then cells, then tissues, then organs, then organ systems, and finally, the organism.

Animation 1. Levels of structural organization of the body

(this video has no sound)

(Images obtained from iStock Photos, ©)

Organ Systems of the Human Body

The human body consists of eleven organ systems, each of which contains several specific organs. An organ is a unique anatomic structure consisting of groups of tissues that work in concert to perform specific functions. Table 1 includes the structures and functions of these eleven organ systems.

Organ System Functions Organs

Integumentary

Barrier to invading organisms and chemicals

Temperature control

Skin

Hair

Subcutaneous tissue

Skeletal

Supports and moves body

Protects internal organs

Mineral storage

Blood formation

Bones

Cartilage

Ligaments

Bone marrow

Muscular

Locomotion

Heat production

Muscles

Tendons

Nervous

Coordinates activities of other organ systems

Responds to sensations

Brain

Spinal cord

Nerves

Eyes

Ears

Endocrine

Regulates body functions by chemicals (hormones)

Pituitary gland

Parathyroid gland

Thyroid gland

Adrenal gland

Thymus

Pancreas

Gonads

Cardiovascular

Transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues

Removes waste products

Heart

Blood

Blood vessels

Lymphatic

Returns tissue fluid to blood

Defends against foreign organisms

Spleen

Lymph nodes

Thymus

Lymphatic vessels

Respiratory

Oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange

Lungs

Trachea

Larynx

Nasal cavities

Pharynx

Digestive

Processes foods

Absorption of nutrients into body

Stomach

Intestinal tract

Liver

Pancreas

Esophagus

Salivary glands

Urinary

Elimination of wastes

Regulates pH and volume of blood

Kidneys

Urinary bladder

Urethra

Reproductive

Produces germ cells (eggs and sperm)

Environment for growth of fetus (female)

Ovaries

Uterus

Mammary glands

Testes

Prostate gland

External genitalia

Table 1. Organ systems of the human body

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