Question

Write about the British growth in the trade and influence in India

Answer 1

Answer:

The East India Company, which started initially as a trading company, had, by 1773, acquired territorial control over Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Madras and Bombay. The Nawab of Awadh and Carnatic were their dependents.

However, after 1765 they had to face stiff opposition from the Marathas, Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan of Mysore, and the Sikhs. The East India Company had to subjugate these powers in order to be paramount in India.

The Conquest of Mysore:

The State of Mysore was ruled by Haider Ali, a brilliant general, an able administrator and a shrewd diplomat. While the Carnatic was plagued by wars and Bengal was passing through a period of political turmoil, Haider Ali steadily rose to power in Mysore. He extended his kingdom up to the Krishna River.

Haider Ali

Mysore, under Haider Ali, became a source of danger to the rising British power in India. Between 1767 and 1799, the Company waged four wars to destroy the power of Mysore.

The First Mysore War:

In 1769 A.D. Haider Ali defeated the British in the First Anglo-Mysore War and besieged Madras. The English were forced to sign a treaty according to which they promised to come to Haider Ali’s help if he was attacked by another power in future. This treaty undoubtedly raised the prestige of Haider Ali.

The Second Mysore War (1780-1784

In 1771 the Marathas attacked Haider Ali but the English did not help him in spite of their promise. Haider Ali waited for an opportunity to take revenge. When the English attacked and occupied the French port of Mahe, the only outlet for Mysore’s trade with Europe, Haider Ali declared war on them.xplanation:

Answer 2

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The first English company was set up on the banks of river hugli in 1651:

✏️ The factory had warehouse from where the ‘factors’ operate.

✏️They persuaded merchants and traders to live near the factory;and then gradually started fortifying form 1696.

✏️They bribed Mughal officials and Got zamindari rights over three villages including kalikata (now Kolkata)

✏️ Then got the right to free trade only for British and pressed for more concessions.

✏️ Gradually through different means they captured other territories as well.