Question

Write about the Deforestation

Answer 1

Answer:

cutting of forest on a large scale is called deforestation

Answer 2

$\bf\large\underline\green{Answer:-}$

Deforestation is conversion of forest area into non-forest area. According to an estimate, almost 40% forests are lost in the tropics and only 1% in temperate region. The scenario of deforestation is grim in India. At the beginning of 20th century, forest cover was about 30% in India. By the end of the century, it got reduced to 19.4 %. The National Forest Policy 1988 of India has recommended 33% forest cover for the plains and 67% for the hills.

Deforestation takes place by conversion of forest to agricultural land so as to feed the growing human population.Trees are cut for timber, firewood, for keeping cattle in farm and for other purposes.

Slash and burn agriculture commonly called Jhum Cultivation in north eastern parts of India, where farmers cut down trees of the forest and burn the plant remains. The ash is used as fertilizer and the land is used for farming and cattle grazing. After cultivation, the area is left for several years so as to allow its recovery.

Major Effect of Deforestation is the increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere because trees hold lot of carbon in their biomass, are lost with deforestation.It leads to the loss of biodiversity due to habitat destruction, disturbs hydrologic cycle, causes soil erosion and desertification in extreme casesReforestation is the process of restoring a forest that once existed but was distroyed or removed at some time in past. Reforestation occurs naturally in a deforested area. We can speed up this by plantation of tree with due consideration to biodiversity that existed before.

Best example of peoples participation in reforestation is Saalumara Thimmakka an Indian environmentalist from state of Karnataka noted for her work in planting and tending to 385 banyan trees along a 4km stretch of highway between Hulikal and Kudur. She has also planted nearly 8000 other trees. Her work has been honoured with the National Citizens Award of India. She was also conferred with Padma Shri in 2019.

Moirangthem Loiya from Manipur dedicated 17 years of his life to restore Punshilok forest. He left his job and took over the task of bringing back the lost glory of 300 acres forest land. He planted a variety of trees like, bamboo, oak, ficus, teak, jackfruit and magnolia. Today the forest has over 250 varieties of plants including 25 varieties of bamboo. It is now selected as home by great diversity of animals too.