write about the multimedia operating system
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One of the new features of the textbook for the course is a detailed discussion of multimedia operating systems, in particular, issues involved in the design of an operating system whose primary job is serving videos. As I was working on this lesson, it occurred to me that I was just paraphrasing the book for this material. As a result, this on-line lesson is abreviated. Do not assume that just because a video topic is not covered here, it is not important. Read this chapter closely.
Video on demand requires huge servers. The system has to be able to access, say, 1000 disks, and distribute signals to the distribution network at high speed in real time.
The NTSC (National Television Standards Commission) standard specifies 30 frames per second, or one frame every 33.3 msec. If each frame is 640 by 480 bytes, a raw image is 307,200 bytes per frame. At 30 frames per second, the server has to send out 9,216,000 bytes per second or 55,296,000 bytes per minute for each movie. This means that multimedia files are enormous. A two hour uncompressed 640x480 movie requires almost 200GB of disk space. But 640x480 format is being replaced by High Definition Television (HDTV). An uncompressed two hour HDTV movie requires 570GB. This means that a video server with 1000 movies needs 570 TB of disk.
The only way for an operating system to be able to do this is to reserve bandwidth, CPU, memory, etc. ahead of time. So the server has an admission control algorithm; it cannot accept a new request unless it can be reasonably confident that it will be able to satisfy it.
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