Question

write about the occurrence and stability of complexes
formed by lanthanides and actinides​

Answer 1

Answer:

Lanthanides and Actinides:

#The lanthanide and actinide series make up the inner transition metals.

#The lanthanide series includes elements 58 to 71, which fill their 4f sublevel progressively.

#The actinides are elements 89 to 103 and fill their 5f sublevel progressively.

Explanation:

Actinides have higher tendency to form complexes than Lanthanides, due to higher charges and smaller size of cations of actinides. This results in higher charge density and high effective nuclear charge. This facilitates the acceptance of lone pairs of electrons from ligands.

Complex formation by lanthanides is different from that of actinides. In lanthanides, the 4f orbitals are well shielded by the larger 5d and 6s orbitals and are deep inside the atom. So f orbitals do not participate in any bonding and complex formation is similar to that of transition metals. However in the actinides, the 5f orbitals extend outwards and participate in bonding much more easily making the interactions much more complex than in the transition metals.

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