Question

write about the physiography division of north east 500 words
​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Physiographically the North East can be divided into the following three divisions: The Plateau Region. The Hills and Mountains. The Plains.

The North East India region is physiographically not a homogenous unit and the present configuration of this region has taken shape during geologically recent time. But the ultimate result of various geological events took place through the geological past. North East India consists of very ancient Archaean and Shillong series rocks exposed in several parts of the Garo, Khasi, Jaintia and Karbi Hills. These rocks are similar to rocks exposed in the rest of the peninsular in Bengal and Bihar of which this was a part at one geological time. All these old rocks form the basement for very much younger Tertiary sediments in upper Assam.

A large part of this region was a landmass upto the formation of the Himalayas about 2,000 million years ago. Then the eastern part of the Khasi Hills, the Jaintia Hills and the Western pat of the Karbi Hills became a basin of sedimentation in which sandstone and shales of the Shillong series were deposited. Due to tectonic reasons these were later uplifted and became a landmass.

Thus the geomorphological evolution of the Noth-eastern region of India is one of uplift and sinking in various parts during the past 100 million years.

Richard E Murphy has divided the landforms of North East India on the basis of both genetic and empirical factors and his physiographic divisions and sub-divisions are given below:

1. The Plateaus: Meghalaya plateau, Karbi Plateau

2. The Hill and Mountains Region: Himalayan Mountains Region, Inner Himalayan (Glacial and Periglacial) Lesser Himalayan Region, Easern Hills, Dibong-Lohit Knot, Patkai-Hrap-Nagaland-NothCadmr and Manipur Hills, Mizoram-Tripura Range and Valley country.

Answer 2

Explanation:

• The Northeast region can be physiographically categorised into the Eastern Himalaya, the Patkai and the Brahmaputra and the Barak valley plains. Northeast India (at the confluence of Indo-Malayan, Indo-Chinese, and Indian biogeographical realms) has a predominantly humid sub-tropical climate with hot, humid summers, severe monsoons, and mild winters. Along with the west coast of India, this region has some of the Indian subcontinent's last remaining rainforests, which support diverse flora and fauna and several crop species. Reserves of petroleum and natural gas in the region are estimated to constitute a fifth of India's total potential.

• The region is covered by the mighty Brahmaputra-Barak river systems and their tributaries. Geographically, apart from the Brahmaputra, Barak and Imphal valleys and some flatlands in between the hills of Meghalaya and Tripura, the remaining two-thirds of the area is hilly terrain interspersed with valleys and plains; the altitude varies from almost sea-level to over 7,000 metres (23,000 ft) above MSL. The region's high rainfall, averaging around 10,000 millimetres (390 in) and above creates problems of the ecosystem, high seismic activity, and floods. The states of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim have a montane climate with cold, snowy winters and mild summers.

• Northeast India has a subtropical climate that is influenced by its relief and influences from the southwest and northeast monsoons.The Himalayas to the north, the Meghalaya plateau to the south and the hills of Nagaland, Mizoram and Manipur to the east influences the climate.Since monsoon winds originating from the Bay of Bengal move northeast, these mountains force the moist winds upwards, causing them to cool adiabatically and condense into clouds, releasing heavy precipitation on these slopes.

• Temperatures vary by altitude with the warmest places being in the Brahmaputra and Barak River plains and the coldest at the highest altitudes. It is also influenced by proximity to the sea with the valleys and western areas being close to the sea, which moderates temperatures.Generally, temperatures in the hilly and mountainous areas are lower than the plains which lie at a lower altitude. Summer temperatures tend to be more uniform than winter temperatures due to high cloud cover and humidit