Question

Write about the progress of sports in Punjab after 1947.

Answer 1

The Punjab region was home to the Indus Valley Civilization until 1900 BCE. The Punjab was conquered by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE and was captured by Chandragupta Maurya. The Punjab was home to the Gupta Empire, the empire of the Alchon Huns, the empire of Harsha, and the Mongol Empire. Circa 1000, the Punjab was invaded by Muslims and was part of the Delhi Sultanateand Mughal Empire. Sikhism originated in Punjab and resulted in the formation of the Sikh Confederacy after the fall of the Mughal Empire. The confederacy was united into the Sikh Empire by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The entire Punjab region was annexed by the British East India Company from the Sikh Empire in 1849. In 1947, the Punjab Province of British India was divided along religious lines into West Punjab and East Punjab. The western part was assimilated into new country of Pakistan while the east stayed in India. The Indian Punjab as well as PEPSUwas divided into three parts on the basis of language in 1966. Haryanvi-speaking areas (a dialect of Hindi) were carved out as Haryana, while the hilly regions and Pahari-speaking areas formed Himachal Pradesh, alongside the current state of Punjab. Punjab's government has three branches – executive, judiciary and legislative. Punjab follows the parliamentary system of government with the Chief Minister as the head of the state.

Punjab is primarily agriculture-based due to the presence of abundant water sources and fertile soils.[6] Other major industries include the manufacturing of scientific instruments, agricultural goods, electrical goods, financial services, machine tools, textiles, sewing machines, sports goods, starch, tourism, fertilisers, bicycles, garments, and the processing of pine oil and sugar. Minerals and energy resources also contribute to Punjab's economy to a much lesser extent. Punjab has the largest number of steel rolling mill plants in India, which are in "Steel Town"—Mandi Gobindgarh in the 

Answer 2

unjab region, the state is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the north, Himachal Pradesh to the east, Haryanato the south and southeast, Rajasthan to the southwest, and the Pakistani province ofPunjab to the west. The state covers an area of 50,362 square kilometres, 1.53% of India's total geographical area. It is the 20th-largest Indian state by area. With 27,704,236 inhabitants at the 2011 census, Punjab is the 16th-largest state by population, comprising 22 districts. Punjabi is the most widely spoken and official language of the state. The main ethnic group are the Punjabis, with Sikhs(57.7%) forming the demographic majority, followed by Hindus (38.5%). The state capital is Chandigarh, a Union Territory and also the capital of the neighboring state of Haryana. The five rivers from which the region took its name were Sutlej, Ravi, Beas, Chenab andJhelum; Sutlej, Ravi and Beas are part of the Indian Punjab.

PunjabState

Clockwise from top
Golden Temple, Qila Mubarak, Gandhi Bhawan,Wagah Border, Jallianwala Bagh memorial.


Seal
Location of Punjab in IndiaCoordinates (Chandigarh): 30.79°N 75.84°ECountry IndiaCapitalChandigarh†Largest cityLudhianaDistricts22Government • GovernorV P Singh Badnore • Chief MinisterCaptain Amarinder Singh (INC) • LegislatureUnicameral (117 seats) • Parliamentary constituency13 • High CourtPunjab and Haryana High Court††Area • Total50,362 km2(19,445 sq mi)Area rank20thHighest elevation551 m (1,808 ft)Lowest elevation150 m (490 ft)Population (2011)[1] • Total27,704,236 • Rank16th • Density550/km2 (1,400/sq mi)Demonym(s)PunjabiGDP (2017–18)[2][3] • Total₹4.65 lakh crore(US$65 billion) • Per capita₹142,958 (US$2,000)Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)ISO 3166 codeIN-PBHDI 0.6614 (medium)HDI rank5th (2015)Official languagePunjabi[4]Websitepunjab.gov.in

^† Joint Capital with Haryana.
††Common for Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh.

Symbols of PunjabEmblemLion Capital of Ashokawith Wheat stem (above) and Crossed Swords (below)LanguagePunjabiDanceBhangra, GiddhaAnimalBlackbuckBirdBaaz[5] (Accipiter gentilis)

The Punjab region was home to the Indus Valley Civilization until 1900 BCE. The Punjab was conquered by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE and was captured by Chandragupta Maurya. The Punjab was home to the Gupta Empire, the empire of the Alchon Huns, the empire of Harsha, and the Mongol Empire. Circa 1000, the Punjab was invaded byMuslims and was part of the Delhi Sultanateand Mughal Empire. Sikhism originated in Punjab and resulted in the formation of theSikh Confederacy after the fall of the Mughal Empire. The confederacy was united into theSikh Empire by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The entire Punjab region was annexed by theBritish East India Company from the Sikh Empire in 1849. In 1947, the Punjab Province of British India was divided along religious lines into West Punjab and East Punjab. The western part was assimilated into new country of Pakistan while the east stayed in India. The Indian Punjab as well as PEPSUwas divided into three parts on the basis of language in 1966. Haryanvi-speaking areas (a dialect of Hindi) were carved out as Haryana, while the hilly regions and Pahari-speaking areas formed Himachal Pradesh, alongside the current state of Punjab. Punjab's government has three branches – executive,judiciary and legislative. Punjab follows the parliamentary system of government with the Chief Minister as the head of the state.

Punjab is primarily agriculture-based due to the presence of abundant water sources and fertile soils.[6] Other major industries include the manufacturing of scientific instruments, agricultural goods, electrical goods, financial services, machine tools, textiles, sewing machines, sports goods, starch, tourism,fertilisers, bicycles, garments, and the processing of pine oil and sugar. Minerals and energy resources also contribute to Punjab's economy to a much lesser extent. Punjab has the largest number of steel rolling mill plants in India, which are in "Steel Town"—Mandi Gobindgarh in the Fatehgarh Sahib district.