Question

write about the types of synovial joints in detail suitable example?​

Answer 1

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

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${\Huge{Synovial \ joints }}$

A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer, the articular capsule, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid.

They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones.

${\Large{It's \ types}}$

1. Plane joints (gliding joints)

These joints allow only gliding or sliding movements, are multi-axial such as the articulation between vertebrae.

Examples - carpals of the wrist, acromioclavicular joint

2. Hinge joints

These joints act as a door hinge does, allowing flexion and extension in just one plane.

Examples - elbow (between the humerus and the ulna)

3. Pivot joints

One bone rotates about another.

Examples - atlanto-axial joint, proximal radioulnar joint, and distal radioulnar joint

4. Condyloid joints (or ellipsoidal joints)

A condyloid joint is a modified ball and socket joint that allow primary movement within two perpendicular axes, passive or secondary movement may occur on a third axes. Some classifications make a distinction between condyloid and ellipsoid joints; these joints allow flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction movements (circumduction)

Examples - wrist joint (radiocarpal joint)

5. Saddle joints

Saddle joints, where the two surfaces are reciprocally concave/convex in shape, which resemble a saddle, permit the same movements as the condyloid joints but allows greater movement.

Examples - Carpometacarpal or trapeziometacarpal joint of thumb (between the metacarpal and carpal - trapezium), sternoclavicular joint

6. Ball and socket joints -"universal Joint"

These allow for all movements except gliding.

Examples - shoulder (glenohumeral) and hip joints

7. Compound joints / bicondyloid joints

Condylar joint (condyles of femur join with condyles of tibia) and saddle joint (lower end of femur joins with patella).

Examples - Knee joint